Head, Neck, and Thorax For Lecture

What is the cranial made of?

frontal, temporal, and occipital

What is the posterior neck called?

nuchal

What is the anterior neck called?

cervical

What is the ear called?

auricular

What is the eye called?

orbit

What is the cheek called?

buccal

What is the part of the face with the eyebrow called?

superciliary arch

What is the eyelid called?

superior palpebra

What are the 6 auditory ossicles in the ear?

malleus, incis, stapes

How many bones make up the cranial vault?

8

How many facial bones are there?

14

How many bones make up the skull?

28

What are the groups of bones that make up the skull?

auditory ossicles, cranium, sutures

Where is the hyoid bone?

superior aspect of the neck, just below the mandible

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

provide attachment for the tongue muscles and the muscles that elevate the larynx during speech or swallowing

What muscles make the strap of the hyoid bone?

infra and supra hyoid muscles

What is CN I?

olfactory

What is the function of CN I?

smell

What is CN II?

optic

What is the function of CN II?

vision

What is CN III?

oculomotor

What is the function of CN III?

moves eye up, down, medial, raises upper eyelid, constricts pupil, adjusts shape of the lens of the eye

What is CN IV?

trochlear

What is the function of CN IV?

moves eyelid medially and down

What is CN V?

trigeminal

What is the function of CN V?

facial sensation, chewing, sensation from TMJ

What is CN VI?

abducens

What is the function of CN VI?

abducts eye

What is CN VII?

facial

What is the function of CN VII?

facial expression, close eye, tears, salivation, taste

What is CN VIII?

vestibulococholear

What is the function of CN VIII?

sensation of head position relative to gravity and head movement, hearing

What is CN IX?

glossopharyngeal

What is the function of CN IX?

swallowing, salivation, taste

What is CN X?

vagus

What is the function of CN X?

regulates viscera, swallowing, speech, taste

What is CN XI?

accessory

What is the function of CN XI?

elevates shoulders, turns head

What is CN XII?

hypoglossal

What is the function of CN XII?

move tongue

What nerve innervates the muscles of expression?

CN VII

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

CN V and V3

What are the cutaneous nerves of the face?

lesser and greater occipital from cervical plexus, and CN V

Where is trigeminal nerve V1 found on the face?

skin of scalp, superior eyelid, forehead, top portion of nose to the tip of it

Where is trigeminal nerve V2 found on the face?

skin of inferior eyelid, cheek, anterior part of temples, lateral nose, superior lip

Where is trigeminal nerve V3 found on the face?

skin anterior to ear, posterior portion of the temples, posterior skin of cheek, inferior lip to chin

Where is the lesser occipital from the cervical plexus found on the face?

scalp of posterior auricle

Where is the greater occipital from the cervical plexus found on the face?

scalp of occipital region

What muscles make this expression?

occipitofrontalis

What muscles make this expression?

corrugator supercilii

What muscles make this expression?

procerus, transverse part of nasalis

What muscles make this expression?

orbicularis oculi

What muscles make this expression?

lev. labii sup. alaeque nasi, alar part of naslis

What muscles make this expression?

buccinator, orbiculais oris

What muscles make this expression?

zygomatic major and minor

What muscles make this expression?

risorius

What muscles make this expression?

risorius, depressor labii inferioris

What muscles make this expression?

levator labii superioris, depressor labii

What muscles make this expression?

risorius, levator laii superioris, depressor labii inferioris

What muscles make this expression?

orbicularis oris

What muscles make this expression?

depressor anguli oris

What muscles make this expression?

mentalis

What muscles make this expression?

platysma

What is the facial canal a passage for?

CN VII

Where does the parotid gland pass?

pierce buccinator into oral cavity

What type of fibers innervate the parotid gland?

sympathetic and parasympathetic

What is unique about the sympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?

from cervical ganglia, with heavy breathing, it creates thick saliva

What is unique about the parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?

from CN IX and greater auricular nerve (C2-C3), it aids to chew and digest by producing thin saliva

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

facial, occipital, superficial temporal

What are the branches of the superficial temporal artery of the external carotid?

frontal, parietal, temporal

What are the lymph nodes that do lymphatic drainage of the face?

submental, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital

Where is the lacrimal gland?

superolateral corner of orbit

What is the pathway of the lacriaml apparatus?

orbital/palpebral to lacrimal lake to punctum to canaliculi, to lacrimal duct to nasal lacrimal duct

What are the tunics of the eye?

fibrous, vascular, nervous

What is in the firbous tunic?

outer sclera (white of eye), cornea (translucent)

What is in the vascular tunic?

choroid, ciliary body, iris (color of eye/controls light), provides blood to other vessels of eye

What is in the nervous tunic?

retina (most interior)

What are the chambers of the eye?

anterior and posterior

Where is the anterior chamber of the eye?

between cornea and iris

What is in the anterior chamber of the eye?

aqueous humor

Where is the posterior chamber of the eye?

between iris and lens

What is in the posterior chamber of the eye?

small % of aqueous humor, viteous body, viteous humor (structure of eyeball)

What is the function of the sclera?

maintain shape of eye, provide structure, provide attachment for muscles that move eye

What is the function of the cornea?

permit light to enter the eye

What is the choroid of the eye?

thin membrane

What is the function of the ciliary body of the eye?

secrete aqueous humor, the muscles attach to lens

What is the function of the iris?

colored and surround the pupil

What is the function of the retina?

respond to light

What is in the retina?

rods, cones, macula lutea, fovea centralis, optic disc, blind spot

What does the macula lutea do?

control peripheral vision

What does the fovea centralis do?

control focal vision

What does the optic disc do?

optic nerve to retina, visual blind spot

How do the rectus muscles move?

linear

How do the oblique eye muscles move?

spin

How do the oblique and rectus muscles move?

rotation

What actions does the superior rectus do?

elevate, adduct, medially rotate

What actions does the inferior rectus do?

depresses, adducts, laterally rotates

What actions does the medial rectus do?

adducts

What actions does the lateral rectus do?

abducts

What actions does the inferior oblique do?

elevate medially rotated eye, abducts, laterally rotates