Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.

Confidence Interval

A range of values used to estimate a parameter.

Hypothesis Testing

A statistical method that tests a claim value of a parameter.

Null Hypothesis

A statement of status quo or no difference, always containing a statement of equality.

Alternative Hypothesis

The hypothesis that is accepted if the null hypothesis is rejected, indicating the presence of an effect or difference.

Parameter

A quantity that describes a characteristic of a population.

Margin of Error

The range of values above and below the sample statistic in a confidence interval.

p-hat (p̂)

The sample proportion used in statistical calculations.

Type I Error

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Type II Error

Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.

Test Statistic

A standardized value that is calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test.

Statistical Procedure

A systematic method used to analyze data and perform hypothesis testing.

Claim Value

The proposed value or assertion regarding a parameter, which is tested in hypothesis testing.