Introduction to HTML – Core Vocabulary

Fifty key vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental HTML tags, attributes, and styling concepts from the lecture notes.

HTML

The standard language used to create and structure web pages.

HyperText Markup Language

The full name behind the acronym HTML, emphasizing that it is a markup—not programming—language.

Markup Tag

A code snippet enclosed in angle brackets (e.g.,

) that describes how content should appear in HTML.

HTML Element

A complete unit in HTML made up of a start tag, content, and an end tag.

Start Tag

The opening portion of an element (e.g.,

) that tells the browser where the element begins.

End Tag

The closing portion of an element (e.g., ) that signals where the element ends.

Nested Elements

HTML elements placed inside other elements, forming the document’s tree-like structure.

Declaration

A required statement at the top of an HTML document that identifies the document type (HTML5 uses ).

HTML Headings

Six hierarchical heading tags (

–

) that indicate content importance, with

being most significant.

Paragraph Tag (

)

Defines a block-level paragraph of text in HTML.

Tag

Displays enclosed text in bold without implying extra importance.

Tag

Applies bold styling while indicating strong emphasis or importance.

Tag

Renders text in italics to show alternate voice, technical terms, or foreign phrases.

Tag

Italicizes text and conveys verbal stress; screen readers emphasize its content.

Tag

Highlights text with a yellow background to draw attention.

Tag

Displays text in a smaller font size than surrounding content.

Tag

Underlines enclosed text for emphasis or stylistic effect.

Tag

Shows deleted text by striking a line through its content.

Tag

Marks inserted text, usually displayed with an underline.

_Tag

Formats text as subscript, positioning it slightly below the baseline.

^Tag

Formats text as superscript, positioning it slightly above the baseline.

Tag

Defines long, block-level quotations typically indented by browsers.

Tag

Wraps short, inline quotations and automatically adds quotation marks.

Tag

Marks abbreviations or acronyms and can reveal full forms via the title attribute.

title Attribute (Global)

Provides additional information, often used to display tooltips (e.g., inside ).

Tag

Represents contact information for the document’s author or owner, usually rendered in italics.

Tag

Indicates the title of a creative work and is typically italicized.

Tag

Applies bidirectional text override, letting you force text direction (e.g., dir="rtl").

HTML Comment

Non-rendered notes in code written between for documentation or temporary hiding of content.

style Attribute

Inline CSS applied directly to an element via property–value pairs (e.g., style="color:red;").

background-color Property

CSS property that sets an element’s background color.

color Property

CSS property that defines the color of text within an element.

font-family Property

Specifies the typeface to display for selected HTML content.

font-size Property

Controls the size of text in HTML elements.

text-align Property

Sets horizontal alignment (left, right, center, justify) of text content.

border Property

Defines the style, width, and color of an element’s border.

RGB Color Value

Color definition using Red, Green, and Blue components: rgb(red, green, blue).

HEX Color Value

Six-digit hexadecimal notation (#RRGGBB) for specifying RGB colors.

RGBA Color Value

RGB color extended with an Alpha channel for opacity: rgba(r, g, b, a).

HSLA Color Value

HSL color extended with an Alpha channel: hsla(hue, saturation, lightness, alpha).

Sets the page title shown in browser tabs and used by search engines for ranking.

Favicon

A small icon displayed next to the page title in the browser tab or bookmarks.

href Attribute

Specifies the destination URL of an (anchor) hyperlink.

src Attribute

Provides the file path or URL for embedded resources like images, audio, or video.

alt Attribute

Supplies alternative text for an image, improving accessibility and SEO.

target Attribute

Determines where to open linked content (_self, _blank, _parent, or _top).

Absolute URL

A full web address including protocol and domain (e.g., https://example.com/page).

Relative URL

A link path relative to the current page’s location, omitting the protocol and domain.

Block-level Element

HTML element that starts on a new line and stretches to full available width (e.g.,

,

).

Inline Element

HTML element that stays within the current line and only takes necessary width (e.g., , ).