per phys muscles test

where does blood get oxygen

lungs

how many chambers and valves are in the heart

4 each

What vessels carry blood away from the heart?

arteries

what separates the left and right ventricle

septum

largest artery in the body

aorta

What keeps blood flowing in one direction

valves

What vessels carry blood to the heart?

veins

What are blood vessels made of

smooth muscle cells

describe how blood circulates through the heart

comes into the right atrium from the body, moves into the right ventricle and is pushed into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs.

blood waste products

CO2

voluntary muscle

muscle that can be consciously controlled

involuntary muscle

A muscle that is not under conscious control.

largest muscle

gluteus maximus (glutes)

bad habits for heart attacks

smoking, bad diet, lack of exercise

3 key principles of diets

balance, moderation, variety

diets help with high cholesterol

simple and complex carbohydrates

- Simple - sugars that enter the bloodstream rapidly and provide quick energy

- Complex - starches and fibers that provide long lasting energy and make the digestive system faster

what do fats do for the body

store energy

job of protein

build and repair body tissue (muscle)

Minerals

Elements found in food that are used by the body

red blood cells

carry oxygen

blue blood cells

deoxygenated blood going to the heart to be reoxygenated

heart chambers

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

superior vena cava

transports blood from your upper body to the heart (right atrium)

inferior vena cava

carries blood from your lower body to right atrium

how many ports does the aorta have

3

ascending aeorta, descending aeorta, and aeortic arch

how many muscles are in the body

over 600

what are muscle cells made of

muscle fibers

what are the 3 types of muscle

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

skeletal muscle

A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones (voluntary)

smooth muscle

Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body

cardiac muscle

Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.

4 purposes of muscle

provide stability, let your body move, circulate blood, allow you to eat

Frontalis

forehead muscle; raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

trapezius

upper back and neck muscle; extends head, moves shoulder

Deltoid

shoulder muscle

pectoralis major

chest muscle

triceps brachii

extends forearm

biceps brachii

flexes forearm

latissimus dorsi

a broad, flat muscle occupying most of the lower posterior thorax (upper middle back) that moves upper body and helps with breathing

abdominal muscles

abs

gluteus maximus

extends thigh and hip, butt, largest muscle in body

sartorius

longest muscle in the body, flexes thigh on hip

biceps femoris

extends thigh and flexes leg

rectus femoris

right below biceps femoris on thigh

Gastrocnemius

Calf muscle

achilles tendon

a large tendon that runs from the heel to the calf