meiosis I and II

what are are the phases of meiosis I?

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I

what are the phases of meiosis II?

prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II

what is the 3 differences between meiosis I and meiosis II?

meiosis I starts with one diploid parent cell and results with two haploid daughter cells while meiosis II starts with two haploid parent cells and results in four haploid daughter cells. meiosis I is reductive division while meiosis II is equal division. meiosis I has homologous chromosomes that seperate while meiosis II has sister chromatids that seperate

what are the two similarities between mitosis and meiosis?

they both are involved in making new cells and they both start with two diploid cells

what are the 4 similarities between meiosis I and meiosis II?

they both have the same number of phases, they both produce two daughter cells from each parent cell, they only occur in eukaryotes, and they occur in the G phase

what are the 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis?

mitosis results in body cells such as skin and stomach cells while meiosis results in gamete cells such as sperm and egg cells. mitosis results in two identical diploid cells while meiosis results in 4 non identical gametes. mitosis only goes through the process once while meiosis goes through the process twice

what happens when sperm and egg cells combine?

it results as a diploid cell which is a fertalized egg, mitosis will then start and create a new organism

what are the three events that are unique to meiosis?

synapsis, crossing over, and chiasmata

what is synapsis and when does it occur?

it is when the homologous chromosomes pair up and it occurs in prophase I of meiosis

what is the chiasmata and when does it occur?

it is the point of break during cross over and it occurs in prophase I of meiosis

what is crossing over and when does it occur?

it is the genetic material exchanged between the homologous chromosomes and it occurs in prophase I of meiosis

phases of mitosis functions

prophase - it prepares the cell for division by condensing the chromosomes, breaking down the nuclear envelope and forming a spindle. metaphase - it is the middle phase where the spindle aligns the chromosomes at the metaphase plate. anaphase - the sister chromatids separate from each other and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell. telophase - the chromosomes are on complete opporsite sides and two nuclei form. cytokinesis - it is responsible for the final separation of the two cells to split the cytoplasm and create two identical daughter cells

phases of meiosis I functions

prophase I - it starts with 2 diploid cells and homologous chromosomes pair up and cross over. metaphase I - the homologous chromosome pairs align at the metaphase plate. anaphase I - the homologous chromosomes separate to opposite ends of the cell but the sister chromatids stay together. telophase I and cytokinesis - they form at the same time and once the chromosomes seperate at opposite sides of the cell two haploid daughter cells form

phases of meiosis II functions

prophase II - the starting cells are the two haploid cells that were made in meiosis I and they start to condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down and the spindle forms. metaphase II - the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate individually. anaphase II - the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite sides of the cell. telophase II - the nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes and the chromosomes decondense. cytokinesis - it splits the chromosome sets into new cells to form four haploid daughter cells