chemistry module 5 acids and bases

what is a bronsted acid

a species that can donate a proton

whats a bronsted base

a species that accepts a proton

whats a conjugate acid

A conjugate acid-base pair is two species that are different from each other by an H+ ion

what are monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic acids

mono - one ionisable hydrogen atom

di - two ionisable hydrogen atoms

tri - three ionisable hydrogen atoms

equation for acid dissociation constant (Ka) for weak acids

equation for pka

pKa = -logKa

equation for pH

pH = -log[H+]

equation for H+ for strong acids

[H+] = 10^-pH

equation for Kw

how to find conc of a dibasic acid/base

divide conc by 2

how to find ph of a dibasic acid/base

x conc by 2

how to find ph of a mixture of strong acid and strong base

1) Calculate moles H+

2) Calculate moles OH-

3) Calculate moles excess H+ or OH-

4) Calculate excess [H+] or excess [OH-]

5) Calculate pH

how to find excess moles

subtract the smaller moles from the bigger

how to find excess conc

excess moles / total volume dm3

how to find excess moles if its dibasic

x 2 after finding moles

henderson hasselbalch equation for buffer solutions involving a weak acid or base

ph = pka + log (A-/HA)