Evolution/Natural Selection
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Last updated 1:44 PM on 5/28/24
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23 Terms
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Mechanism of evolution
Natural selection
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Natural Selection
Organisms with traits better-suited to their environment survive and reproduce more often (This causes traits to change over time).
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Biodiversity
The variety of living things in a given area (habitat, ecosystem)
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Genetic Variation
Organisms belonging to the same species have different genes and traits. Some may be darker or lighter in color, some are taller for shorter, etc.
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Population
a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.
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Adaptation
A trait that helps a population survive (Giraffe's long neck).
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Population
A group organisms of the same species living in a particular area at the same time
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Evolution
the change in genetics of a species over time
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Mutation
the process in which DNA changes result in new alleles not inherited from parents
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Extinction
occurs when the last individual of a species dies
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Charles Darwin
English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection
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Competition
When two or more organisms struggle for the same resource (food, water, light, space, mates, nesting sites) but there is a limited amount so not enough for all.
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Species
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
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advantageous traits
traits that benefit a species and allows to survive and reproduce and pass those traits on to the next generation
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Example of genetic variation
Peppered moths
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Fossil
The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
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homologous structures
Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
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common ancestor
An ancestral species from which later species evolved
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vestigial structures
A structure that is present in an organism but no longer serves its original purpose
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Embryology evidence for evolution
The early stages of embryos of many animals with backbones are very similar.
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geologic time scale
A record of the geologic events and life forms in Earth's history.
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DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
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DNA evidence for evolution
Can be analyzed to compared amino acid sequence differences. The more differences, the further they are on the evolutionary tree.
