nigeria key facts

What major educational policy did the British implement during colonial rule in Nigeria?

The British introduced Western education and reinforced ethnic divisions by governing through indirect rule.

What significant event marked Nigeria’s independence?

Nigeria gained independence in 1960.

What was the outcome of the Nigerian Civil War in 1967?

The Biafran War resulted in over a million deaths due to starvation.

What political transition occurred in Nigeria in 1979?

Power transitioned from military to civilian rule under the Second Republic election.

Who was the military dictator that ruled Nigeria from 1993-1998?

Sani Abacha seized power in a coup and ruled as a dictator.

What act did Goodluck Jonathan enact during his presidency?

He enacted the Freedom of Information Act.

What does the acronym INEC stand for?

Independent National Electoral Commission.

What was introduced by Ibrahim Babangida during his presidency?

The Structural Adjustment Program to liberalize the economy.

What major event occurred in Nigeria during the 1993 presidential election?

The election won by Moshood Abiola was annulled, triggering a crisis.

What is the significance of June 12 in Nigeria?

It is recognized as Democracy Day, related to the annulled election of 1993.

What major crisis has been largely associated with the presidency of Muhammadu Buhari?

The Boko Haram insurgency intensified during his leadership.

Who initiated major infrastructure projects in Lagos?

Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

What do 'loyalty pyramids' represent in a business context?

A visual representation of customer loyalty levels.

What does 'austerity measures' refer to?

Strict, frugal economic policies used by governments to manage public debt.

What is 'true federalism' in Nigeria?

An increasing agitation for a functional federal system in Nigeria.

What is the primary goal of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP)?

To promote a center-right political agenda and neoliberal economic stance.

What does the term 'patron-clientelism' describe?

A political system where powerful individuals provide benefits to less powerful individuals.

What is the mission of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP)?

To advocate for environmental justice and the rights of the Ogoni people.

What major challenge did Umaru Musa Yar'Adua face as President from 2007-2010?

He was absent due to health issues during the 2010 presidential election.

What is the main function of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)?

To improve economic cooperation and stability among West African countries.

What is a caliphate?

An area where religious Muslims lived under the leadership of a caliph, who was considered to be a successor to Muhammad.

What is direct rule?

A system of government in which a province is controlled by a central government.

What does federal character focus on?

It focuses on promoting good governance, development, and egalitarianism, while reporting on various sectors.

What is indirect rule?

A system of governance where a colonial power uses local leaders to control a region.

What are kinship links?

Relationships with a community or family.

What is the national question in Nigeria?

The query of whether Nigeria should remain a unified country.

What is prebendalism?

A political system where elected officials feel entitled to share in government revenues to benefit their supporters.

What is a protectorate?

An autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily by a stronger state.

What is a structural adjustment program?

A set of economic reforms a country must adhere to in order to secure a loan from the IMF or World Bank.

What are warrant chiefs?

Traditional leaders established by colonial warrant.

What does Boko Haram aim to achieve?

An Islamic terrorist group seeking to overthrow the Nigerian government and establish a regime based on Islamic law.

What is the Fourth Republic?

The current republican government of Nigeria that has been in place since 1999.

What is sharia in the context of Nigeria?

Customary law that has been instituted as a main body of civil and criminal law in twelve Muslim-majority states.

What is the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)?

An electoral body established in 1999 to oversee elections in Nigeria.

What was the Republic of Biafra?

A partially recognized state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria and existed from 1967-1970.

What is patron-clientelism?

A political system where powerful individuals provide benefits to less powerful individuals or groups.

What are linkage institutions?

Structures that connect the people to the government or centralized authority.

What is the Arewa Consultative Forum?

A Nigerian quasi-political and socio-cultural association promoting the interests of northern Nigeria.

What is Ohanaeze Ndigbo?

An Igbo socio-cultural organization in Nigeria.

What is Afenifere?

A socio-cultural organization for the Yoruba people of Nigeria.

What does the Middle Belt Forum aim to do?

Promote the interests of the people of the Middle Belt region of Nigeria.

What is the Ijaw Youth Council?

A prominent socio-political organization representing the interests of the Ijaw people, Nigeria's fourth largest ethnic group.

What is the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP)?

An advocacy group for environmental justice and the rights of the Ogoni people.

What is the Movement to Emancipate the Niger Delta (MEND)?

A decentralized militant group in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

What is the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN)?

An umbrella organization representing numerous Christian denominations in Nigeria.

What is the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (NSCIA)?

The apex Islamic authority in Nigeria.

What does the Nigerian Women's Trust Fund aim to do?

Amplifies women's voices and promotes gender equality.

What is MASSOB?

A group advocating for the creation of an independent Biafra based on Igbo nationalism.

What is the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)?

The state-owned oil corporation established in 1977 and the largest asset holder in Nigeria's oil and gas industry.

What does NGO stand for?

Non-governmental organization, which is a private organization.

What is the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)?

A regional organization composed of fifteen West African countries aiming to enhance economic cooperation.

What is import substitution industrialization (ISI)?

An economic theory followed by developing nations to decrease dependency on imports.

Who are the Niger Delta Avengers (NDA)?

A militant group challenging the Nigerian government and international oil companies.

What is the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ)?

A group of West African countries aiming to create a common currency.