GCSE WJEC Chemistry- Crude oil

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33 Terms

1
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overall energy change is positive reaction is…

endothermic

2
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overall energy change negative reaction is…

exothermic

3
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overall energy change

total energy needed to break bonds MINUS energy released when new bonds form

4
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bond energy

energy needed to break bond + energy released when bond forms

5
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drawing exothermic reactions

put reactants higher than products

6
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drawing endothermic reactions

put reactants lower than products

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activation energy

min amount of energy required for a reaction

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exothermic

heat released into surroundings

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endothermic

heat absorbed from surroundings

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12
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fractions contain

mixtures of hydro-carbons (alkanes) with similar boiling points

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crude oil

mixture of hydro-carbons that was formed over millions of years from marine organism remains

14
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hydrogen fuel A

-only produces water as a byproduct

-renewable

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alkanes bonding

every carbon atom has single bonds

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alkene bonding

contains one double carbon bond → rest are single

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methene

does not exist

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alkene molecules are…

unsaturated + very reactive

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alkane molecules are…

saturated + unreactive

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hydrocarbon order

meth (many)

eth (elephants)

prop (pray)

but (but)

pent (praying)

hex (hurts)

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alkene genreal formula

CnH2n

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alkane genreal formula

CnH2n+2

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Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher use + reason

electrical + chemical → takes away oxygen

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hydrogen fuel D

-difficulty storing

-explosive

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crude oil negatives

oil spills → ruin livelyhood

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crude oil positives

-brings in money for government

-provides jobs

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global warming effect

more extreme weather + more flooding

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fractional distillation importance in daily lives

produces many useful products (plastic) + important source of fuels

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bottom of fractional distillation qualities

-less flammable

-more viscous

-dark

-high boiling point

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top of fractional distillation qualities

-more flammable

-less viscous

-light

-low boiling point

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hydro-carbons

contains hydrogen and carbon atoms only

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fractional distillation

-crude oil 🔥+ b4 entering column

-small hydrocarbons rises in column + condense

-hydrocarbons w similar bp condense @ same level

-p depends on molecule size → BIG molecules = higher bp

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