AP Lit final poetry quiz

meter

meter

pattern of stressed (accented) and unstressed (unaccented) syllables established in a line of poetry

foot

unit of meter (can have two or more syllables)

• generally consists of 1 stressed and 1 or more unstressed syllable

• a line can have 1 or 2 or 3 feet

• poetic lines are classified according to the number of feet in a line

iamb

• 2 syllable

• unstressed, stressed

• most comon in english

trochee

• 2 syllable

• stressed, unstressed

anapest

• 3 syllables

• unstressed, unstressed, stressed

spondee

• 2 syllables

• both stressed

• often in compound words

dactyl

• 3 syllables

• stress, unstressed, unstressed

pyrrhic

• 2 syllables

• both unstressed

monometer

1 foot

dimeter

2 foot

trimeter

3 foot

tetrameter

4 foot

pentameter

5 foot

hexameter

6 foot

heptameter

7 foot

octometer

8 foot

rhymed verse

verse with end rhyme and usually with a regular meter

blank verse

lines of iambic pentameter without end rhyme

free verse

lines that don’t have regular meter and don’t contain rhyme

rhyme

similarity of likeness of sound existing betw 2 words

slant rhyme

imperfect or incomplete correspondence of end syllable sounds

• common in emily dickinson

end rhyme

consists of the similarity occuring at the end of two or more lines of verse

internal rhyme

consists of the similarity rhyme occuring between two or more words in the same line of verse

masculine rhyme

when 1 syllable of a word rhymes with another word

feminine rhyme

last 2 syllables of a word rhyme wiht another word

triple rhyme

the last 3 syllables rhyme of a word or line rhyme

rhyme scheme

pattern or sequence in which the rhyme occurs

alliteration

repetition of initial letter or sound in two or more words in a line of verse

onomatopoeia

use of word to represent or imitate natural sounds

assonance

similarity or repetition of a vowel sound in two or more words

consonance

repetition of consonant sounds within a line of verse

refrain

repetition of one or more phrases or lines at intervals in a poem, usually at end of a stanza

• often takes the form of chorus

repetition

reiterating of a word or phrase within a poem

figure of speech

expression in which the words are used in a nonliteral sense to present a figure, picture, or image

simile

direct or explicit comparison between two usually unrelated things indicating a likeness or similarity between some attribute found in both things (uses like or as)

metaphor

implied comparison between 2 usually unrelated things indicating a likeness or analogy between attributes found in both things

personification

giving human characteristics to inanimate objects, ideas, or animals

synecdoche

technique of mentioning a part of smth to represent the whole

metonymy

substitution of a word naming an object for another word closely associated with it

symbol

word or image that signifies smth other than what it literally represents

allegory

narrative or description having a second meaning beneath the surface one

overstatement

exagerration for the sake of emphasis and is not to be taken literally

understatement

consists of saying less than one means, or of saying waht one means with less force than the occassion warrants

antithesis

balancing or contrasting of one term against another

apostrophe

addressing of someone or smth usually not present, as though present

dramatic irony

device by which the author implies a different meaning from that intended by the speaker in a literaly worik

irony of situation

situation in which there is an incongruity between actual circumstances and those that would seem appropriate or between what is anticipated and what actually comes to pass

verbal irony

figure of speech in which what is meant is the opposite of what is said

paradox

statement or situation containing apparently contradictory or incompatible elements

oxymoron

figure of speech that combines 2 contradictory wors placed side by side

stanza

division of a poem based on thought or form

couplet

2 line stanza

triplet

3 line stanza

quatrain

4 line stanza

sestet

6 line stanza

septet

7 line stanza

octave

8 line stanza

heroic couplet

consists of two successive rhyming verses that contain a complete thought within the 2 lines

• also called closed couplet

• usually iambic pentameter lines

terza rima

3 line stanza form with an interlaced or interwoven rhyme scheme

• usually iambic pentameter

• rhyme scheme - a-b-a, b-c-b, c-d-c, d-e-d

limerick

5 line nonsense poem with anapestic meter

• rhyme scheme - a-a-b-b-a

ballad stanza

consists of 4 lines with a rhyme scheme of a-b-c-b

rime royal

stanza consisting of 7 lines in iambic pentameter rhyming a-b-a-b-b-c-c

ottava rima

consists of 8 iambic pentameter lines with a rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b-a-b-c-c

spenserian stanza

9 line stanza consisting of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed by an alexandrine (a line of iambic hexamter)

• rhyme shceme - a-b-a-b-b-c-b-c-c

sonnet

14 line stanza form consisting of iambic pentameter lines

villanelle

consists of 5 tercets (3 lines rhyming tgt) and a quatrain in which the first and third lines of the opening tercet recur alternately at the end of the other tercets and together as the last 2 lines of the quatrain

elegy

usually a poem that mourns the death of an individual, the absence of something deeply loved, or the transience of mankind

lyric

most widely used type of poem so diverse in its format that a rigid definition is impossible

ode

exalted, complex rapturous lyric poem written about a dignified, lofty subject

italian sonnet

division within an octave set (8) and a sestet set (6)

english/shakespearean sonnet

3 quatrains and concluding couplet