BSC-700 Module 5 Quizzes

Graded practice quiz, part A quiz, part B quiz

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) adrenal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) pituitary gland

d) parathyroid gland

e) pancreas

Adrenal gland

Which is the composition of breast glandular tissue in the non pregnant human female?

a) adipose tissue only

b) serous acini only

c) mucous acini only

d) alveolar secretory units only

e) ducts only

Ducts only

Choose all that contain endolymph

a) tympanic cavity

b) scala media

c) scala vestibuli

d) scala tympani

e) semicircular duct

f) semicircular canal

Scala media, semicircular duct

Which is the name of the gelatinous structure made up of protein & polysaccharides that is attached to the sensory hair cells of the crista ampullaris?

a) stereocilia

b) kinocilium

c) ampulla

d) cupula

e) manubrium

Cupula

Which structure of the ear is composed of epithelial tissue that contains blood vessels?

a) spiral ganglion

b) modiolus

c) Reissner’s membrane

d) stria vascularis

e) basilar membrane

Stria vascularis

Which of the following is composed of the only epithelium in the human body that contains capillaries filled with circulating blood?

a) stria vascularis

b) Organ of Corti

c) the spiral ganglion

d) Reissner’s membrane

e) the Eustachian tube

Stria vascularis

What glands are modified apocrine sweat glands that line the ear canal and secrete the main component of ear wax.

a) ceruminous glands

b) hair follicles

c) scala tympani

d) Noel’s space

e) Leissner’s membrane

Ceruminous glands

The ear ossicles are located in the internal ear compartment.

False

The cornea has prism shaped fibers that contain collagen type IV.

False

In the list below from A - E, which is out of order in the flow of aqueous humor from its site of production to entrance into a blood vessel? Select the two where the order is reversed.

a) inner columnar epithelium of ciliary process

b) anterior chamber

c) posterior chamber

d) trabecular spaces

e) canal of Schlemm

Anterior chamber, posterior chamber

Tight junctions between which cells makes up the blood-retina barrier?

a) corneal endothelial cells

b) non-pigmented ciliary process epithelial cells

c) neural glia cells in the retina

d) retinal pigmented epithelial cells

e) ganglion cells in the retina

Retinal pigmented epithelial cells

Which region of the retina is responsible for the sharp vision?

a) optic papilla

b) hyaloid canal

c) macula

d) fovea

e) fovea centralis

Fovea centralis

What area of the eye lacks neurons and carries signals generated in the rods and cones away from the retina.

a) optic papilla

b) lamina cribrosa

c) cornea stroma

d) Bowman’s membrane

e) sclera

Optic papilla

What component of the ciliary body contributes to the formation of the Aqueous Humor?

a) non-pigmented epithelial cells

b) pigmented epithelial cells

c) the choroid

d) optic papilla

e) lamina cribrosa

Non-pigmented epithelial cells

The limbus of the eye is where the ciliary body merges with the choroid.

False

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) epididymis

b) ovary

c) prostate gland

d) testis

e) uterus

Epididymis

Contraction of the ciliary muscle accommodates the eye for focusing on objects close to the eye.

True

Select which organs/glands have a cortex and medulla.

a) seminal vesicle

b) epididymis

c) thyroid gland

d) pineal gland

e) eye

f) ovary

g) pituitary gland

h) prostate gland

i) testis

j) parathyroid gland

k) adrenal gland

Ovary, adrenal gland

At which stage of folliculogenesis does an antrum first appear?

a) primordial

b) primary

c) secondary

d) tertiary

e) Graafian

Secondary

Which connects the oocyte to the stratum granulosum in a Graafian follicle?

a) theca externa

b) theca interna

c) corona radiata

d) zona pellucida

e) cumulus oophorus

Cumulus oophorus

What is the accumulation, or mound, of follicular cells which surrounds the oocyte?

a) cumulus oophorus

b) corpus albicans

c) Graafian follicle

d) antrum

e) granulosa

Cumulus oophorus

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) epididymis

b) ovary

c) prostate gland

d) testis

e) uterus

Ovary

A primary oocyte is a female germ cell that is arrested in the first meiotic division of meiois.

True

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) adrenal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) pituitary gland

d) parathyroid gland

e) pancreas

Pancreas

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) adrenal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) pituitary gland

d) parathyroid gland

e) pancreas

Parathyroid gland

Parathormone is secreted by the oxyphil cell of the parathyroid gland.

False

Oxyphil cells compared with chief cells (principle cells) in the parathyroid gland are larger with acidophilic cytoplasm and nuclei that are heterochromatic.

True

Which surrounds the longest part of the penile urethra

a) cavernous spongiosa

b) fossa naviculus

c) corpora spongiosum

d) tunica albuginea

e) rete testis

Cavernous spongiosa

Where are the capillaries that receive hypothalamo-hyphyseal portal blood?

a) pars nervosa

b) pars intermedia

c) pars tuberalis

d) pars distalis

e) infundibulum

Pars distalis

Which do acidophils in the pituitary gland secrete?

a) oxytocin

b) vasopressin (ADH)

c) growth hormone (GH)

c) thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

d) adrenal cortex stimulating hormone (ACTH)

e) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

f) luteinizing hormone (LH)

Growth hormone (GH)

Which is the location of the cells that secrete oxytocin?

a) pars intermedia

b) pars tuberalis

c) infundibulum

d) hypothalamic supra optic and paraventricular nuclei

e) pars nervosa

Hypothalamic supra optic and paraventricular nuclei

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

This specimen was subject to the PAS histochemical reaction.

a) adrenal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) pituitary gland

d) parathyroid gland

e) pancreas

Pituitary gland

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

GoldnerTrichrome Stain:

nuclei - dark blue

cytoplasm of epithelial cells - light blue-pink

smooth muscle cells - red

collagen- blue-green

a) epididymis

b) ovary

c) prostate gland

d) testis

e) uterus

Prostate gland

Which cell is responsible for the blood-testis barrier?

a) myoepithelial cels

b) Leydig cell

c) spermatogonium type A

d) spermatogonium type B

e) Sertoli cell

Sertoli cell

Which is the chromosome number in the cells in the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule epithelium?

a) 1n

b) 2n

c) 3n

d) 4n

e) 5n

1n

Which is the location of cells that produce testosterone?

a) testis - seminiferous tubules

b) testis - interstitium

c) epididymis

d) prostate interstitium

e) prostate mucosal epithelium

Testis - interstitium

Which is the next stage of spermatocytogenesis just after a secondary spermatocyte?

a) spermatogonium

b) spermatozoan

c) primary spermatocyte

d) spermatid

Spermatid

What is the thick layer of dense connective tissue that forms a surrounding capsule for the testis?

a) tunica albuginea

b) seminiferous tubule

c) concentric body

d) penile urethra

e) vas deferens

Tunica albuginea

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

Stain: Iron Hematoxylin and Orange G

a) epididymis

b) ovary

c) prostate gland

d) testis

e) uterus

Testis

Spermatocytogenesis is the process of forming a spermatogonium cell from a stem cell.

False

Select all that are true regarding the function of the thyroid follicular cell.

a) uptake of tyrosine from blood

b) uptake of iodine from blood

c) synthesis of triiodo- & tetraiolo- thyronin

d) synthesis of thyroglobulin

e) releasing T3 and T4 into blood

All of the above

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) adrenal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) pituitary gland

d) parathyroid gland

e) pancreas

Thyroid gland

You examine a biopsy of the thyroid gland and observe that the border (interface) between the thyroid follicular cells and the colloid containing the stored thyroid hormone is scalloped (a border marked with concavities). What does this tell you about thyroid activity?

a) increased amount of thyroid hormone is being stored in the follicles

b) indicates possible release of thyroid hormone into the blood vessels surrounding the follicle

c) indicates release of thyrocalcitonin

d) the observation tells you nothing about thyroid function

e) indicates an increased release of ACTH from the pituitary gland

Indicates possible release of thyroid hormone into the blood vessels surrounding the follicle

The thyroid follicular cell height changes in relationship to thyroid gland activity.

True

Observe the histological pattern of this specimen and select the correct identification from the list.

a) epididymis

b) ovary

c) prostate gland

d) testis

e) uterus

Uterus

Where are the glands that contribute mucus into the lumen of the vagina?

a) vaginal mucosa

b) uterine mucosa

c) cervical mucosa

d) vaginal submucosa

e) uterine submucosa

Cervical mucosa

The main difference between endocrine & exocrine glands is whether or not their ducts branch.

False

Hormones are biologic substances that act on specific target cells.

True

The process whereby a cell secretes a hormone that acts on cells nearby without entering the blood is known as paracrine secretion.

True

Examine the low and higher power views of this adrenal gland.  The boxed in area in the low power view is displayed at higher magnification on the right. 

The cells in the boxed in area in which two are indicated in the higher magnification view secrete which listed as a final product.

a) aldosterone

b) glucocorticoids

c) norepinephrine

d) epinephrine

e) renin

f) intrinsic factor

Epinephrine

Match the cells located in the lettered regions with their function.

a) secrete corticosterone

b) secrete aldosterone

c) secrete glucocorticoids and sex hormones

d) secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

A: secrete aldosterone

B: secrete corticosterone

C: secrete glucocorticoids and sex hormones

D: secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

Which plays a role in the adrenal gland to convert norepinephrine to adrenalin?

a) sex hormone

b) luteinizing hormone

c) adrenocorticotropic hormone

d) glucocorticoid

e) aldosterone

Glucocorticoid

What glands are modified apocrine sweat glands that line the ear canal and secrete the main component of ear wax?

a) hair follicles

b) Noel’s space

c) scala tympani

d) ceruminous glands

e) Lessner’s membrane

Ceruminous glands

Which listed is composed of the only epithelium in the human body that contains capillaries filled with circulating blood?

a) spiral ganglion

b) organ of Corti

c) eustachian tube

d) stria vascularis

e) cochlea

f) Reissner’s membrane

Stria vascularis

Which is responsible for generating a signal in the cochlear nerve from the shear forces generated by vibrations of the basilar membrane and tectorial membranes?

a) hair cells in the stapes

b) hair cells in the malleus

c) ampulla hair cells

d) utricle hair cells

e) organ of Corti hair cells

Organ of Corti hair cells

Match the eye structure / component with its correct location / function.

a) drains tears

b) accommodation

c) lens fiber

d) drains aqueous humor

1. crystalline protein

2. lacrimal canaliculus

3. canal of Schlemm

4. hyaloid canal

Lacrimal canaliculus: drains tears

Hyaloid canal: accommodation

Crystalline protein: lens fiber

Canal of Schlemm: drains aqueous humor

What component of the ciliary body contributes to the formation of the Aqueous Humor?

a) lamina cribosa

b) choroid

c) optic papilla

d) pigmented epithelial cells

e) non-pigmented epithelial cells

Non-pigmented epithelial cells

What area of the eye lacks neurons and carries signals generated in the rods and cones away from the retina?

a) sclera

b) optic papilla

c) Bowman’s membrane

d) lamina cribosa

e) cornea stroma

Optic papilla

In circulating through the eye, the aqueous humor enters the trabecular spaces directly from which of the listed structures / chambers?

a) hyaloid canal

b) canal of Schlemm

c) posterior chamber

d) anterior chamber

e) vitreous chamber

Anterior chamber

View two images below. The right image is a histological section in the plane indicated by the dotted line in the left image.

Which of the listed terms is the correct term for the region circled in the left image and between the lines in the right histological

a) hyaloid canal

b) optic disc

c) fovea centralis

d) macula lutea

e) optic papilla

Macula lutea

Name the chamber labeled X .

a) anterior chamber

b) posterior chamber

c) vitreous chamber

d) lateral chamber

Anterior chamber

Which is the location of lactiferous ducts

a) lacrimal gland

b) uterus

c) meibomian gland

d) cervix

e) mammary gland

Mammary gland

Lactiferous ducts connect straight ducts to the channels in the rete testis.

False

Match the structures indicated by the lettered arrows with the correct identification.

a) corpora albicans

b) corpus luteum

c) theca interna

d) atretic layer

e) cumulus oophorus

f) theca externa

g) corona radiata

h) basement membrane

A: theca interna

B: theca externa

C: basement membrane
D: corona radiata

E: cumulus oophorus

Not present: corpora albicans, corpus luteum, atretic layer

What is the accumulation, or mound, of follicular cells that surrounds the oocyte?

a) antrum

b) cumulus oophorus

c) Graafian follicle

d) granulosa

e) corpus albicans

Cumulus oophorus

In the sequence of structures that a non-fertilized ovum would have to take from the Graafian follicle to exit the female reproductive tract there are two that are out of order. Select the two that are out of order.

1. oviduct infundibulum

2. oviduct ampulla

3. oviduct isthmus

4. oviduct intramural segment

5. lumen of the uterus

6. cervical canal

7. internal os

8. external os

9. vagina

10. vestibule

Cervical canal, internal os

Which event or transformation in the ovary is the first sign of increased blood levels of FSH?

a) primordial to unilaminar primary follicle

b) multilaminar primary to secondary follicle

c) unilaminar to multilaminar primary follicle

d) appearance of the zona pellucida

e) Graafian follicle to corpus luteum

Primordial to unilaminar primary follicle

Which lettered arrow indicates the location of cells that synthesize and secrete androgen precursors to estrogen?

A

In the ovary, a primoridal follicle is transformed into a primary follicle under the influence of luteinizing hormone (LH).

False

Finger like projections of the oviduct that have a core of smooth muscle and are covered with ciliated simple columnar epithelium catch a human egg after it is ovulated.

True

Below is a histological specimen of the Islet of Langerhans encircled by the yellow dashed line.

Match the cell types indicated on the right with what they produce.

a) pancreatic polypeptide

b) aldosterone

c) somatostatin

d) epinephrine

e) glucagon

f) glucocorticoid

g) pancreatic lipase

h) insulin

1. beta cell

2. alpha cell

3. delta cell

4. PP cell

5. not by a cell in the islet

Beta cell: insulin

Alpha cell: glucagon

Delta cell: somatostatin

PP cell: pancreatic polypeptide

Not by a cell in the islet: aldosterone, epinephrine, glucocorticoid, pancreatic lipase

Oxyphil cells compared with chief cells (principle cells) in the parathyroid gland are larger with acidophilic cytoplasm and nuclei that are heterochromatic.

True

This tissue surrounds the longest part of the penile urethra

a) rete testis

b) fossa naviculus

c) corpora spongiosum

d) tunica albuginea

e) cavernous spongiosa

Cavernous spongiosa

Corpus Arenaceum is part of which organ's structure?

a) pineal gland

b) thyroid gland

c) prostate gland

d) adrenal gland

e) pituitary gland

Pineal gland

Which is part of the anterior pituitary gland?

a) pars distalis

b) median eminence

c) pars nervosa

d) infundibulum

Pars distalis

Which is produced by the pars nervosa?

a) follicle stimulating hormone

b) growth hormone

c) melatonin

d) ACTH

e) vasopressin

Vasopressin

Select all that make up the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

a) paraventricular nucleus

b) supraoptic nucleus

c) infundibulum

d) pars nervosa

e) pars tuberalis

f) pars distalis

g) pars intermedia

h) optic chiasma

Infundibulum, pars nervosa

Secretory products are stored in the termination of axons in the posterior pituitary gland.

True

Corpora Amylacea are located in which organs listed?

a) prostate gland

b) adrenal gland

c) thyroid gland

d) pineal gland

e) pituitary gland

Prostate gland

Select all that are synthesized and secreted by basophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland.

a) luteinizing hormone

b) follicle stimulating hormone

c) thyroid stimulating hormone

d) adrenocorticotropic hormone

e) prolactin

f) growth hormone

g) glucocorticoid

h) thyroxine

Luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone

Which male reproductive organ produces fructose?

a) testis

b) Cowper’s gland

c) prostate gland

d) seminal vesicle

e) epididymis

Seminal vesicle

Fructose, the principal metabolic substrate for sperm, is produced by cells of the seminal vesicle.

True

Spermiogenesis is the process whereby a spermatid is transformed into a spermatozoon.

True

What is the name of the thick layer of dense connective tissue that surrounds the testis.

a) tunica intermedium

b) myoepithelium

c) tunica albuginea

d) concentric body

e) tunica interstitium

Tunica albuginea

Which cell in the seminiferous epithelium is 1N as far as chromosome number is concerned.

a) secondary spermatocyte

b) spermatid

c) Sertoli cell

d) primary spermatocyte

e) spermatogonium

Spermatid

Which cell type is connected by tight junctions?

a) spermatogonia

b) Sertoli cells

c) spermatids

d) primary spermatocytes

e) secondary spermatocytes

Sertoli cells

Which cell type is post-mitotic?

a) spermatogonia

b) primary spermatocytes

c) secondary spermatocytes

d) spermatids

e) Sertoli cells

Sertoli cells

Which of the listed cells types plays a critical role in the separation of the cells of the semniferous tubule into two compartments?

a) spermatogonia

b) primary spermatocytes

c) secondary spermatocytes

d) spermatids

e) Sertoli cells

Sertoli cells

Spermatozoa is the next stage in sperm development after which of the listed cell types?

a) spermatogonia

b) primary spermatocytes

c) secondary spermatocytes

d) spermatids

e) Sertoli cells

Spermatids

Transformation from spermatogonia to sperm takes how many days?

a) 4

b) 8

c) 16

d) 64

e) 128

64

Spermiogenesis is the process whereby a spermatid is transformed into a spermatozoon.

True

Sertoli cells phagocytose excess cytoplasm of spermatids.

True

Match the three lettered schemes and histological patterns of an organ with predicted blood levels of hormones.

a) normal thyroid hormone

b) elevated thyroid hormone

c) lowered thyroid hormone

A: elevated thyroid hormone

B: normal thyroid hormone
C: lowered thyroid hormone

You examine a biopsy of the thyroid gland and observe that the border (interface) between the thyroid follicular cells and the colloid containing the stored thyroid hormone is scalloped (a border marked with concavities). What does this tell you about thyroid activity?

a) indicates an increased release of ACTH from the pituitary gland

b) increased amount of thyroid hormone is being stored in the follicles

c) indicates possible release of thyroid hormone into blood vessels surrounding the follicle

d) the observation tells you nothing about thyroid function

e) indicates release of thyrocalcitonin

Indicates possible release of thyroid hormone into blood vessels surrounding the follicle

The thyroid follicular cell height changes in relationship to thyroid gland activity.

True

Epithelial cells of which part of the female reproductive tract / organs are induced to divide by estrogen during the menstrual cycle?

a) endometrium

b) myometrium

c) perimetrium

d) ovary

e) oviduct

Endometrium

Select from the list all of the cell types that make up the epithelium of the oviduct (uterine tube).

a) goblet cells

b) ciliated cells

c) peg cells

d) lutein cells

e) granulosa cells

Ciliated cells, peg cells

During the secretory stage of the menstrual cycle the epithelial cells of the endometrium are stimulated by  progesterone to become columnar and begin to secrete a glycogen rich product that will nourish a conceptus if plantation occurs.  Which listed is the source of the progesterione?

a) corpus luteum

b) cells of the corona radiata

c) theca externa cells

d) cervical gland cells

e) cells of the myometrium

Corpus luteum

The lamina propria of the vagina contains glands that secrete mucus.

False

During pregnancy the mammary gland undergoes dramatic changes.  One change is that the epithelial cells of the ducts and glands greatly increase in number under the influence of progesterone.

False