Sociology final questions unit 1-3

Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that heavy competition and limited educational resources make admission difficult for the average student. Which perspective would Jeremy’s argument fall under?

Conflict theory

Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States.  “I hate the food,” she tells her family at home. “I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music.  America is clearly the best place to be.”  This is an example of _______.

enthnocentrism

A cultural universal is:

A pattern or trait common to all societies.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the United States?

Making eye contact while speaking

A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management.

Symbolic interactionist

Education is important to society because:

1. It teaches children facts about the world in which they live.

2. It teaches children how to interact with their peers and helps them to gain social graces.

3. It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave in group and one-on-one situations.

4.      All of the above

Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological theory does this story fit?

Symbolic Interactionism

Joseph and Paula are excited to welcome their child into the world. They cannot wait to pass on all their knowledge, insight, and rich culture. Just as their parents gave them guidance and showed them how to live, Joseph and Paula will continue the chain by handing down their societal values and thus, sustain the society they love so much. Which sociological theory does this story fit?

Structural Functionalism

Which theorist would be most interested in who controls the media, and the ways in which the dominant race and class minimizes the media presence of the lower classes and other races?

A conflict theorist

Tyson visits China over spring break, and after getting online to write home to her parents, she realizes some of her favorite social media sites are blocked by the Chinese government.  She becomes concerned with how technology reinforces inequalities among communities, both within and among countries. What sociological perspective best fits Tyson’s concerns?

Conflict

Why do sociologists find the study of family function to be so important when trying to grasp the mores and norms of a culture?

Families provide for each other as well as carry out and teach a particular culture to other members of the family.

  Some believe that religion is important because it adds meaning to people’s lives and provides answers to difficult questions. A sociologist following which theory would agree with this statement?

Structural functionalism

A sociologist studying how religious beliefs become so deeply rooted in people that they can hate people of other religions probably is:

A conflict theorist 

Which of the following is the main (mainfest) function of education?

Transmission of culture

Which of the following sociological perspectives argues that the educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities arising from differences in class, gender, race and ethnicity?

Conflict theory

Which sociological perspective would consider Teacher’s Union rallies as evoking positive or negative attitudes in society because of what Teacher's Unions stand for?

Conflict theory

Which sociological perspective argues that sick people fill a societal role (have a purpose)??

Functionalism

Sociology is defined as the:

1. Qualitative analysis of human phenomenon.

2. Qualitative analysis of human phenomenon. - no response given

3. Systematic study of society and social interaction.

4. Systematic study of society and social interaction. - no response given

5. Quantitative analysis of social transgressions.

6. Quantitative analysis of social transgressions. - no response given

7. Theoretical examination of life’s origins

Systematic study of society and social interaction.

The term deviance can be defined as:

1. The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring.

   The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring. - no response given

2. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

   A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. - no response given

3. Social reward for the violation of norms.

   Social reward for the violation of norms. - no response given

4. The regulation and enforcement of norms.

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

What is an example of deviance?

1. Laughing at an instructor’s joke during a class

   Laughing at an instructor’s joke during a class - no response given

2. Waking up at 5 am to go for a run

   Waking up at 5 am to go for a run - no response given

3. Not noticing a phone call on a silenced device

   Not noticing a phone call on a silenced device - no response given

4. Failing to signal a turn while driving

Failing to signal a turn while driving

What is the different between a violent crime and a hate crime?

The term crime can be defined as:

1. An unintended consequence of necessary action.

   An unintended consequence of necessary action. - no response given

2. A sequence of events leading to incarceration.

   A sequence of events leading to incarceration. - no response given

3. A harmful action directed at the authorities.

   A harmful action directed at the authorities. - no response given

4. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

Which of the following is an example of a corporate "white collar" crime

1. Copyright Infringement

2. Larceny Theft

3. Assault

4. Burglary

Copyright Infringement

Spousal abuse is an example of a ________

violent crime

According to data, which of the following best fits the description of a mass shooter.

1. middle-aged hispanic male

2. mid-thirties white male

3. mid-twenties black female

4. middle aged white female

mid-thirties white male

"Root causes" can be defined as:

1. The experiences and history of a person that come out in the actions they take.

2. The choices people make based upon their likes and dislikes.

3. Getting involved with crime.

4. Pretending to be someone you are not.

The experiences and history of a person that come out in the actions they take.

From a symbolic interactionist perspective, what is the most important factor in understanding criminal behavior?

1. Economic inequality

2. Power relationships

3. Social functions

4. Meanings and interpretations that people attach to crime

Meanings and interpretations that people attach to crime

According to conflict theory, what is the main reason for high crime rates in low-income neighborhoods?

1. Lack of social solidarity

2. Poor individual choices

3. Limited access to resources and opportunities

4. Misunderstanding of social norms

Limited access to resources and opportunities

According to functionalist theory, what is the primary purpose that crime serves in society?

1. It creates social inequality and power dynamics

2. It helps define moral boundaries and promotes social cohesion

3. It represents symbolic interactions between criminals and law enforcement

4. It demonstrates the failure of social institutions

It helps define moral boundaries and promotes social cohesion

Which sociological perspective would most likely argue that laws are created by the wealthy to maintain their power over the poor?

Conflict theory

What is the difference between sex and gender?

1. Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

2. Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with.

3. Sex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy.

4. Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females.

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

TRUE OR FALSE?

TRUE

When thinking about gender, Jeff sees men as the dominant social group and women the subordinate group. Exploitation of the subordinate group has created social problems, such as high rates of poverty among single mothers.  Which sociological perspective best fit Jeff’s views?

1. Conflict Theory

2. Symbolic Interactionism

3. Structural Functionalism

Conflict Theory

Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family.  In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home.  After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family.  From what sociological perspective do Tasha’s thoughts come?

1. Conflict Theory

2. Structural Functionalism

3. Symbolic Interactionism

Structural Functionalism

Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping?

• A music store employee encouraging a young woman to study the piano or flute instead of the drums or guitar.

• A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter’s eighth birthday.

• Keisha’s mom encouraging her to take home economics over shop class so she can please her future husband

A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter’s eighth birthday.

Gender inequality often refers to disparities in:

1. Political beliefs

2. Wealth distribution

3. Access to education

4. Cultural heritage

Access to education

Someone assuming a man would prefer to see Oppenheimer over the Barbie Movie is an example of...

1. Functionalist Theory

2. Symbolic Interactionism

3. Conflict Theory

Symbolic Interactionism

Max believes that most people’s racial beliefs are based on images conveyed in popular media since many people never meet members of certain races for themselves.  Max’s perspective is:

Symbolic interactionist

Angela believes that race relations in her country are poor because the ruling class has enacted various laws and regulations to keep other groups from achieving equality.  With which sociological perspective does Angela’s view best align?

Conflict theory

Cedric’s uncle believes that racism and discrimination have made a positive impact on society – but only in the lives of those who are members of the dominant group.  Which sociological perspective is Cedric’s uncle coming from?

Functionalism

The term discrimination is defined in the text as:

1. Biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people.

2. The theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture.

3. Prejudiced action against a group of people.

4. An expression of dissatisfaction with the justice system.

Prejudiced action against a group of people.

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?

Middle Class

What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility?

1. How well off your parents are.

2. How much education you have.

   How much education you have. - no response given

3. How many jobs you work.

4. How much you spend on your personal appearance.

How much education you have.

Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that:

1. Most people do not care about social rank and standing.

2. Only upper class people can enjoy a good game of polo.

3. Most people only socialize with people in their same social class.

4. Only lower class people drink beer.

Most people only socialize with people in their same social class.

With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State’s wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people?

1. 1/16

2. 1/3

3. 1/8

4. 1/100

1/3