Links monomers to make a polymer; releases water. Key Words: linking and water release.
New cards
2
Hydrolysis
Splits a polymer into monomers; uses water. Key Words: splitting using water, p to m
New cards
3
Monomer
building block of a polymer. Key Words: building, polymer
New cards
4
Polymer
monomers joined together. Key Words: monomers, joined
New cards
5
Carbohydrate
Used for energy. Key Word: energy
New cards
6
Monosaccharide
monomer of a carbohydrate. Key Words: monomer, carbohydrate
New cards
7
Polysaccharide
complex sugar. Those are the key words.
New cards
8
Lipids
Used in membranes and used for long term energy storage. Key Words: membranes, long term, energy storage
New cards
9
Phospolipids
A lipid found in cell membranes. Key Words: lipid, cell membranes
New cards
10
Saturated Fats
Solid at room temp with the maximum amount of hydrogens. Key Words: solid, maximum hydrogen
New cards
11
Unsaturated Fats
Liquid at room temp without the maximum amount of hydrogens. Key Words: liquid, no maximum hydrogen
New cards
12
Protein
Used as a catalyst, has four levels of structure. Key Words: catalyst, four levels
New cards
13
Amino Acid
monomer of protein. Key Words: protein, monomer
New cards
14
Enzymes
Used to speed up a reaction & lower energy of activation. Key Words: speed reaction, lower energy
New cards
15
Nucleic Acid
Carries genetic information. Key Words: genetic
New cards
16
Nucleotide
Building block of DNA & RNA. Key Words: building block, DNA/RNA
New cards
17
Fluid Mosaic Model
Structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer. Key Words: plasma membrane structure, molecules free to move
New cards
18
Selective Permeability
Process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping others out. Key Words: membrane, pass through, some out
New cards
19
Channel (Transport) Proteins
Acts as a tunnel through the membrane that allows molecules to move through. Key Words: tunnel, membrane, molecules
New cards
20
Receptor Proteins
Membrane protein that binds to signals outside the cell. Key Words: membrane proteins, binds, signals outside cell
New cards
21
Passive Transport
Movement of materials from high to low without using energy. Key Words: movement, high/low, no energy use
New cards
22
Concentration gradient
Difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance. Key Words: difference, concentration, distance
New cards
23
Diffusion
Process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Key Words: molecules, high con to low
New cards
24
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels. Key Words: moving molecules, cell membranes, protein channels
New cards
25
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. Key Words: diffusion, water, permeable membrane
New cards
26
Active Transport
Movement of materials from low to high, uses energy. Key Words: movement, low/high, uses energy
New cards
27
Endocytosis
Process by which a cell membrane encloses a particle in a vesicle to bring it into the cell. Key Words: cell membrane, encloses, vesicle, bring into cell
New cards
28
Exocytosis
Process by which vesicles release their contents outside the cell. Key Words: vesicles, release, outside cell
New cards
29
Hypertonic
when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes. Key Words: solution, greater concentration
New cards
30
Hypotonic
when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes. Key Words: solution, less concentration of solutes
New cards
31
Capsule
Coating that surrounds some bacteria, protecting the cell
New cards
32
Cell Wall
Composed of cellulose and used to provide structure
New cards
33
Chloroplast
Used in photosynthesis
New cards
34
Chromatin
DNA and protein that makes up chromosomes
New cards
35
Chromosomes
Carry genetic material, can be copied & passed on
New cards
36
Cilia
Short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion/movement
New cards
37
Cristae
Folds in the mitochondria
New cards
38
Cytoplasm
Fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
New cards
39
Cytoskeleton
Network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps to keep its shape, and aids in movement
New cards
40
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus & membrane bound organelles
New cards
41
Flagella
A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion/movement
New cards
42
Golgi apparatus
Modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell. Cell probably has a function of protein making if it has this.
New cards
43
Lysosomes
An organelle containing digestive enzymes
New cards
44
Microfilaments
Thin, solid part of the cytoskeleton made of actin
New cards
45
Microtubules
Longer, hollow part of the cytoskeleton that form flagella
New cards
46
Mitochondria
Makes ATP (energy)
New cards
47
Nucleoid region
Coiled DNA of a prokaryotic cell
New cards
48
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes
New cards
49
Nuclear envelope
Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus in the cell
New cards
50
Nucleus
Control center of the cell
New cards
51
Pili
Used by bacteria to attach to surfaces
New cards
52
Plasmid
Circular piece of DNA
New cards
53
Prokaryotic cell
No nucleus or membrane bound organelles
New cards
54
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
New cards
55
Rough ER
Covered in ribosomes and used to make membrane proteins
New cards
56
Smooth ER
Used to detoxify drugs & make lipids
New cards
57
Vacuoles
Used to store food and water
New cards
58
Vesicle
Sac use to carry molecules
New cards
59
What parts will you find in a prokaryotic cell?
Cilia, cell wall, membranes, ribosomes and flagella
New cards
60
What part will you NOT find in a prokaryotic cell?
Lysosome, nucleus, DNA, ER, mitochondria, and Golgi
New cards
61
What element is found in all organic compounds?
Carbon
New cards
62
Osmosis vs. Diffusion
Osmosis is movement of water, Diffusion is a moment of any atom. Both are movement from high to low.
New cards
63
Animal cell placed in a hypotonic solution will...
Studied by 19 people
