Chemicals Found in Dyes and Insect Repellents

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to the chemistry of dyes and insect repellents, including definitions and key concepts from the module.

Dye

An organic compound used to impart color to textiles, absorbed in the fibers' pores.

Pigment

A substance that adds color to materials, typically not absorbed but built up on the surface.

Chromophore

The color-bearing group in the chemical structure of a dye.

Auxochrome

A group that can shift the color of the dye and help attach the dye to the fibers.

Bathochromic shift

A shift of a signal to a longer wavelength (lower energy) that increases absorption and intensity of color.

Hypsochromic shift

A shift of a signal to a shorter wavelength (higher energy) that decreases absorption and intensity of color.

Acid Dye

A type of dye suitable for polyamides and proteins that carry a positive charge.

Basic Dye

A cationic dye used on fabrics that carry a negative charge.

Disperse Dye

A dye used for hydrophobic substrates like polyesters, dissolved in a polymer matrix.

Reactive Dye

A type of dye that chemically bonds with cellulose fibers, providing excellent color fastness.

DEET

A widely used insect repellent, considered the 'gold standard' for its effectiveness against various insects.

Picaridin

A low-toxicity synthetic insect repellent effective against a broad spectrum of insects.

Citriodiol

A natural insect repellent extracted from lemon eucalyptus oil, effective against mosquitoes and ticks.

Environmental Impact of Dyes

Dyes can cause pollution through wastewater and can be toxic to aquatic life, leading to ecological harm.

Insect Repellent

A substance applied to skin or clothing to deter insects, preventing bites and the transmission of diseases.