Nervous Tissue + Membranes + Repair

Nervous Tissue

Main component of the nervous system; regulates and controls body functions.

Neurons

Specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses.

Nervous Tissue

Main component of the nervous system; regulates and controls body functions.

Neurons

Specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses.

Supporting Cells

Cells that support, insulate, and protect neurons.

Function of Neurons

Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors (muscles and glands).

Location of Nervous Tissue

Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Dendrites

Branching processes that receive signals from other neurons.

Axon

Long process that transmits nerve impulses away from the neuron cell body.

Neuron Processes

Extensions from the neuron cell body that include axons and dendrites.

Cutaneous Membranes

Also known as skin; keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Mucous Membranes

Membranes that line body cavities open to the exterior; may secrete mucus.

Serous Membranes

Membranes found in closed body cavities; consist of simple squamous epithelium.

Parietal Serosae

Layers that line the internal body cavity walls.

Visceral Serosae

Layers that cover internal organs.

Serous Fluid

Slippery fluid that fills the cavity between serous membrane layers.

Pleurae

The serous membranes associated with the lungs.

Pericardium

The serous membrane associated with the heart.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane associated with the abdomen.

Inflammatory Process

Activated when the body’s barriers are compromised; initiates tissue repair.

Regenerative Capacity

The ability of tissues to regenerate after injury.

Epithelial Tissues

Tissues that regenerate extremely well.

Smooth Muscle

Tissue with moderate regenerative capacity.

Cardiac Muscle

Tissue with virtually no functional regenerative capacity.

Nervous Tissue Regeneration

Limited ability to regenerate, especially in the brain and spinal cord.

Scar Tissue

Fibrous tissue that forms during healing; can impair organ function.

Homeostatic Imbalance

Disruption of body homeostasis that can lead to clinical issues.

Lamina Propria

Loose connective tissue underlying the epithelial layer in mucous membranes.

Moist Membranes

Membranes that are bathed by secretions or urine.

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Type of epithelium that forms the epidermis of the skin.

Areolar Connective Tissue

Type of connective tissue that supports serous membranes.

Cell Body of Neuron

Contains the nucleus and is responsible for maintaining the neuron.

Inflammatory Response

A response that is activated to repair tissues after injury.

Tissue Repair

The process of restoring tissue integrity after injury.

Epithelial Tissue Regeneration

The ability of epithelial tissue to heal rapidly after injury.

Blood-forming Tissue

Tissue that regenerates extremely well; includes bone marrow.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Type of connective tissue that regenerates well.

Tissue with Limited Regeneration

Cardiac muscle and nervous tissue have virtually no regenerative capacity.

Serosae

Another term for serous membranes.

Cutaneous

Relating to the skin.

Mucosae

Another term for mucous membranes.

Visceral

Referring to serous membranes covering organs.

Parietal

Referring to serous membranes lining cavity walls.

Scar Formation

Can impair organ function and volume capacity.

Barrier Compromise

When body defenses are breached, initiating repair processes.

Secretions

Fluids produced by glands or membranes for lubrication or protection.

Moistened Tissues

Tissues that are kept moist by fluids like mucus or serous fluid.

Specialized Cells in Nervous Tissue

Consist of neurons and non-excitable supporting cells.

Neuronal Signals

Electrical signals transmitted by neurons.

Homeostatic Imbalance Impact

Can impair muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and organ function.

Tissue Types for Membranes

Covering and lining membranes are composed of epithelium and connective tissue.