PHARM FINAL REVIEW - Chapter 3: Principles of Pharmacology

Absorption

How drug enters body and passes into circulation to reach parts of body needed to affect.

Anaphylactic Reaction

Severe, life-threatening form of allergic reaction.

Buccal route

Drug placed against inner cheek.

Excretion

Process by which waste products are eliminated from the body.

Half-life

Time it takes for body to remove 50% of drug from body

Hepatotoxic

Adverse effects that can result in liver damage

Intramuscular (IM) route

Giving drug by injection into muscle

Intravenous (IV) route

Giving drug by way of injection into vein/tubing that is connected to a catheter inserted to a vein

Metabolism

Physical and chemical reactions that happen inside of the body & either build up or break down compounds.

Nephrotoxic

Adverse drug effects that can result in kidney damage.

Percutaneous route

Giving drug through skin absorption

Examples of percutaneous routes

Topical creams, patches, or devices that are placed under the skin.

Pharmacodynamics

Effects of a drug on body functions (what a drug does to body)

Pharmacokinetics

Metabolism of a drug within body (what body does to drug)

Pharmacotherapeutics

Use of drugs in treatment disease

Subcutaneous route

Drug placement of injection into fatty tissue

Sublingual route

Drug placement under tongue

Topical route

Application of drugs directly to the skin requiring treatment.

Most common forms of the topical route

Creams, lotions, & ointments.

Drug absorption and availability are fastest with which route?

IV

Slowest drug absorption and availability route

Extended-release oral tablets

If drug is in capsule form, do NOT

Crush/let the patient chew, open, or cut them.

Most drugs are metabolized by

Liver

Most drugs are eliminated by

Kidneys

Patients with liver/kidney impairment often require their drug doses to be

Lower

Alcohol may make a drug

Less/more effective

If you are not familiar with a drug

Do not administer