Temperature and Kinetic Energy

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to temperature, kinetic energy, thermal energy, and thermal expansion, based on the provided lecture notes.

What determines how warm or cool an object feels?

It depends on how much kinetic energy its particles have.

What is kinetic energy?

The energy of motion.

What does temperature measure?

The average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

What are the three temperature scales mentioned?

Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin.

What is absolute zero?

0 K or -273.15ºC, the point at which all molecular motion stops.

What is thermal energy?

The sum of the kinetic energies of all the particles that make up an object.

How does thermal energy change with temperature?

Thermal energy increases as temperature rises.

How does the amount of matter affect thermal energy?

More matter (more particles) means more thermal energy.

What effect does thermal expansion have on particles?

It causes them to move faster and collide more often, spreading out if possible.

What happens to a basketball when it is brought into a warm gym?

The air inside expands as it warms, making the ball bounce better.

What principle do liquid thermometers work on?

Thermal expansion.

How do cold conditions affect the liquid in a thermometer?

It causes the liquid to slow down and decrease in height.

What happens to the liquid in a thermometer in warm conditions?

It moves more quickly and expands, increasing its height.

Why might Celeste's bicycle tires be flatter after a cold day?

Because the temperature drop lowers the kinetic energy of the particles in the air, reducing the air volume.