Global History Honors

persian wars

greece and persian empire, started the golden age

golden age

the time when athens was at its best, peace and prosperity had to happen

peloponnesian war

athen and its allies were defeated by sparta and its allies, ended the golden age

battle of marathon

greece and persia, athens won

themistocles

knew the persians were coming back, warned to prepare a strong navy

drama

athens is where greek drama (tragedt and comedy) started

columns

invented by athens, styles on temples

parthenon

famous temple on the acroplois in athens, built for athen

direct democracy

form of government in which citizens ruled directly- athens

how were women treated in athens and in sparta?

women were treated poorly in athens, so was in sparta but had more rights, only by a little

pericles

leader of athens

the delian league

an alliance of greek city-states led by athens to defend against persia (members paid money to athens0

socrates

philosopher, taught by asking questions on everythings (like life)

plato

philosopher, student of socrates, wrote “the republic”, founded the academy school

aristotle

philosopher, student if plato, taught alexander the great, openeded up school lyceum

olympics

the greeks invented it to honor zeus

polis

city-state

hippocrates

father of medicine

herodatus

father of history (historian)

greek fighting system

the phalanx

rhetoric

the art or skillful speaking

before leader pericles

solon (important leader reduced debt slavery)

acropolis

a hill in athens with famous parthenon on top

after golden age its

hellenistic age, after alexander the great with greek culture spread across his empire

battle of chaeronea

philip ll of macedonia defeated athens and thebe, had control of greece

important city in egypt named after alexander

alexandria

darius lll

king of persia defeated by alexander

euclid

mathematician, amde geometry

archimedes

levers, pulleys, buoyancy (the force to make things float)

eratosthenes

earths circumference, astronomer

aristarchus

heliocentric theory, sun was at center, no one believed him

ptolemy

geocentric theory, earth was at center, a lot of people believed him

pythagorean theorem

pythagoras

trojan war

mycenaeans fought a war against troy, in anatolia. war started because a trojan prince kidnapped the wife (helen) of a greek king

monarchy

ruled by one

aristocracy

ruled by few but of nobles, landowning families

oligarchy

ruled by few powerful people