BGSU MUCT Quiz 2 Study Guide

What are different components of ethnicity?

cultural heritage, ancestry, history, geography, language and/or dialect, religion, physical appearance

Mandinka

ethnic subgroup of a larger group of West African people known as the Mande. includes the Bafour, Malinke, Kpelle, Dyula, and other subgroups. 

Jalolu/jali

A singer of the Mandinka ethnic group of West Africa.

kora

a plucked 21-stringed chordophone. With a range of three octaves

kumbengo

 repetitive melodic style played on the kora.

birimintingo

A soloistic style of kora playing that features melodic improvisation.

Blues Origins

Mississippi Delta, late 19th cent.., Roots in African music

Blues Form

Twelve-bar AAB form: A stanza of three lines (AAB) of four measures each

Blues Musical Aspects

storytelling, improvisation, call-and-response, rhythmic groove

Harlem Renaissance

sought to celebrate Afro-American experience and heritage. 1919 until the mid-1930s.

W.E.B. DuBois

1st African-American to earn a doctorate. Co-founder of NAACP in 1909.

double consciousness

this sense of always looking at one’s self through the eyes of others

Impressionism

A late 19-century French movement in painting concerned with shifting light and color. It also refers to some of the music of Debussy and Ravel, whose instrumental timbres are said to resemble the shimmering color palettes of their counterparts in the visual arts.

habañera rhythm

An Afro-Cuban dance with a distinguishing rhythmic ostinato, which is also used as the

basis of numerous Western art music compositions to denote exoticism or ethnicity.

exoticism

The representation of one culture for consumption by another

appropriation

trivializing, exploiting, “exoticizing,” and even stealing cultural identity.

How is gender different from sex?

Gender is performed. sex is biological.

Second-wave feminism

A period of feminist activity from the early 1960s to ca. 1980.

Otis Redding (1941-1967)

rhythm and blues singer/songwriter. (wrote Respect)

Gamelan

An instrumental ensemble of Indonesia; generally includes bronze xylophone-like instruments and gongs.

Javanese

slower, more meditative, and refined

Balinese

faster, more energetic, and dynamic.

slendro

five-note (pentatonic) scale with roughly equal intervals,

pelog

seven-note scale with intervals of varying sizes

Pants role

a male character performed by a female

falsetto

“false voice,” a higher vocal register (typically refers to men)

countertenor

a male who sings in the falsetto range

opera

A staged and sung dramatic work with instrumental accompaniment.

aria

 A song for a vocal soloist in genres such as opera or oratorio that usually portrays emotions or ideas. The aria contrasts with recitative, a speech-like style of singing that conveys the dialogue.

castrato

An adult male vocalist castrated before puberty so as to prevent the change

of voice. Castrati were used in church choirs and in opera. The practice was prevalent in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Spirituality

Cultivation of the human spirit, A sense of connection to

something bigger than ourselves; a search for meaning in life

What are the components of ritual?

An established sequence of events

Participant roles

Special dress, sound, movement, etc.

Set apart from daily life

What are the functions of music in ritual?

1. shape & order the ritual;

2. enact & convey symbolic power & meaning;

3. empower participants;

4. connect individuals to community

Rol mo

cymbals, trumpets (dunchen), drums, and double reed instruments

enlightenment

clearing the mind to realize the nature of things

lining out

A way of performing hymns or psalms whereby a leader sings each line of the hymn

slightly ahead of the congregation to cue the melody and lyrics.

sacred harp

bàtá drums

Double-headed hourglass-shaped drum of the Yoruba ethnic group of West Africa.

òrìsà

Sacred entities of the Yoruba religion.

Yoruba

Large and influential ethnic group that resides in the eastern and coastal areas of Nigeria.

Mass

The daily Catholic Church service that features Holy Communion. It can also refer to a

composition that sets to music the Ordinary sections of the Mass (see Mass Ordinary).

Mass Ordinary

Sections of the Catholic Mass where the texts remain the same from day to day, including the Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei.

Mass Proper

Sections of the Catholic Mass where the texts are different from day to day.

Counter-Reformation

the Roman Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries, aiming to reform the church and reaffirm its authority

a cappella

Literally “in the style of the chapel,” indicating a vocal performance without instrumental

accompaniment.