NURS 215: white blood cells
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20 Terms
what are the 3 major categories of white blood cells?
monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes
what are monocytes?
they differentiate into macrophages. also categorized as an agranulocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cells. 2 to 10 percent of circulating wbcs.
what are lymphocytes?
t and b cells. also categorized as a agranulocyte
what are the granulocytes?
basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils
what do all blood cells start as?
pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow
what is the myeloid stem cell line?
it produces granulocytes and monocytes. it also forms red blood cells and platelets
what is the lymphoid stem cell line?
it produces lymphocytes
what do b cells do?
it makes antibodies like the Igs and immunoglobins to fight infection
what do t cells do?
it includes cd4 helper cells and cd8 cytotoxic subtypes for immune regulation and killing infected cells
what are blast cells and what does a high number of them indicate?
immature, early stage blood cells. normally mature in the bone marrow. high numbers in blood can indicate diseases like leukemia
what are macrophages?
mature monocytes in tissues. cause phagocytosis and cytokine synthesis
what are dendritic cells?
antigen presenting cells
what do eosinophils do?
elevate during parasitic infections and allergic reactions
what do basophils do?
elevate during infection and inflammation. contain histamine
what do neutrophils do?
most common granulocyte. first responders that carry out phagocytosis and release enzymes to destroy microorganisms. free radical formation
what are mature neutrophils?
polymorphonuclear cells. aka segs
what are immature neutrophils?
bands. shift to the left means high number of bands. increased neutrophil formation
what does leukocytosis mean?
wbc count over 11,000 cells per microliter
what does leukopenia mean?
wbc count less than 4,000 cells per microliter. neutrophils most commonly affected
what does a leukemoid reaction mean?
wbc count above 50,000 cells per microliter. due to cause other than leukemia
Note 
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