reactivity series

what is the order of the reactivity series from most reactive to least reactive

potassium

sodium

lithium

calcium

magnesium

aluminium

zinc

iron

copper

silver

gold

in the reactivity series what reacts very vigorously with water

potassium

sodium

lithium

in the reactivity series what reacts normally with water

calcium

magnesium

in the reactivity series what metals are less reactive with water

zinc

iron

in the reactivity series what metal is unreactive to water

copper

silver

gold

what is the equation when a metal reacts with a acid

metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen

Copper, silver and gold do not react since they are unresponsive.

define displacement reaction

when a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element from its compound

what conditions are needed for iron to rust

oxygen

water

what are the ways the prevent rusting

barrier methods

• something that is used to block the oxygen and water from reaching the iron, for example paint.

galvanising steel

• iron is coated with zinc, since zinc is more reactive than iron the zinc reacts instead of the iron.

sacrificial protection

• when a more reactive metal is attached to the iron (zinc for example) and the more reactive metal corrodes instead of the iron

define oxidation

when substance gains oxygen and loses electrons

define reduction

when substance loses oxygen and gains electrons

what acronym do we use for oxidation and reduction

OIL RIG

Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain.

define redox reactions

a reaction where oxidation and reduction happen at the same time

define oxidising agent

when it causes another substance to be oxidised but gain electrons

define reduction agent

when it causes a substance to reduct and it loses electrons

what is the observation for magnesium, zinc and iron for reacting with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid

magnesium- fast fizzing, lots of bubbles produced.

zinc- moderate fizzing, some bubbles produced

iron- slow fizzing, few bubbles produced.