Exam1 Ch4

Flashcards covering important vocabulary and concepts from the chapter on eukaryotic cells and microorganisms.

Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths.

What are the 3 major groups of Eukaryotic Microbes

Fungi

group of eukaryotic microbes that includes yeasts and molds.

Protozoa

group of eukaryotic microbes that includes single-celled 'primitive animals'.

Helminths

group of eukaryotic microbes that includes tapeworms, flukes, and roundworms; these are considered animals

Flagella if eukarya

Appendages that enable cell motility on unicellular organisms or structures

Cilia of eukarya

Appendages that facilitate motility for cells or the environment.

Cell Membrane of eukarya

very similar to bacteria with typical phospholipid bilayer that is semi-permeable; includes sterols

sterols

provide support to cells with no cell walls

eukaryotic cell wall

of organisms we are focusing on, only fungi have this organelle; made of chitin, proteins, & sugars

Nucleus

Membrane-bound organelle that all eukaryotes have; main function is to separate & store genetic material

1. multiple, linear chromosomes

2. condensed chromosomes made of DNA wrapped around histones

What are the 2 traits of eukaryotic genetic material?

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis; 2 types (RER & SER)

rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

membranes are embedded with ribosomes; makes proteins

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

no ribosomes, smooth surface; makes carbs & lipids

Golgi Apparatus

Membrane-bound organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging what the ER makes

Mitochondria

Energy production center of the cell, responsible for aerobic respiration.

aerobic respiration

process that converts sugars & oxygen into ATP (energy)

yeast & molds/hyphae

What are the 2 basic forms of fungal cells

yeast

form of fungi that is unicellular & reproduce by budding

molds/hyphae

form of fungi that is multicellular & reproduce by spore production

helminths

organisms that reproduce sexually (animals); hermaphroditic

hermaphroditic

produces male & female reproductive organs (reproduces w/ itself)

Enterobius vermicularis

What is the most common helminth in the U.S.; aka pinworms