Newton's Laws & Kinetic/potential Energy

Friction

Force that opposes motion between two surfaces.

Mass

Amount of matter in an object or a measure or the inertia of an object

Inertia

Resistance to change

Velocity

Speed of an object, but in a specific direction

Weight

Measure of gravitational attraction or force or gravity pulling one object toward the center of another object.

First Law of Motion

Every object in motion will stay in motion. Any object at rest will stay at rest until an outside force changes that.

Motion

The result of unbalanced forces.

Gravity

The force that pulls an object with mass toward other objects with mass.

Second Law of Motion

Force is equal to the change in momentum per change in time. For a constant mass, force equals mass time acceleration. F=ma

Third Law of Motion

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Acceleration

The rate velocity changes with time.

Forces

pushes or pulls.

Objects are stationary when..

forces are balanced.

Unit of measure for force

Newtons

If a force acts on a stationary object and causes motion...

the object has gained kinetic energy.

Types of noncontact forces

Gravity, Magnetism, Electrostatic

Action and reaction forces

are equal, in opposite directions, and happen at the same time.

Reference point

An object in the background which shows movement of another object.

Free Fall

When the only force acting on a falling object is gravity

Energy

The ability to do work

kinetic energy

energy of motion

potential energy

stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

elastic potential energy

the potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed

gravitational potential energy

Energy stored by objects due to their position above Earth's surface.

mechanical energy

The sum of kinetic & potential energy in an object.