Comparing the Major Personality Theories

These flashcards cover key terminology and definitions associated with major personality theories, including Psychoanalytic, Humanistic, Trait, and Social-Cognitive theories.

Psychoanalytic Theory

A theory of personality developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizing unconscious dynamics, childhood conflicts, and defense mechanisms.

Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies used by the ego to protect against anxiety and manage internal conflicts.

Humanistic Theory

A personality theory that focuses on healthy individuals and their drive for self-realization, especially as articulated by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

Trait Theory

A theory that posits personality consists of stable characteristics influenced by genetics, developed by theorists such as Allport, Eysenck, McCrae, and Costa.

Social-Cognitive Theory

A framework linking personal traits, behavior, and social context to explain human behavior, associated with Albert Bandura.

Big Five Traits

Personality dimensions including conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion, identified through trait theory.

Self-Actualization

The realization of one's potential and self-awareness, as facilitated by meeting basic needs and receiving unconditional positive regard.

Free Association

A psychoanalytic technique where patients speak freely to explore unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Projective Tests

Assessment tools used in psychology where individuals project their unconscious thoughts through ambiguous stimuli.

Cognition in Behavior

The interplay between cognitive processes, conditioning, and observational learning that influences behavioral patterns.