Chem Midterm: Formulas

Ion: Cyanide

CN^-

Ion: Hydroxide

OH^-

Ion: Acetate

CH₃COO^- or C₂H₃O₂^-

Ion: Chlorate

ClO₃^-

Ion: Nitrate

NO₃^-

Ion: Permanganate

MnO₄^-

Ion: Peroxide

O₂^2-

Ion: Carbonate

CO₃^2-

Ion: Chromate

CrO₄^2-

Ion: Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Ion: Phosphate

PO₄^3-

Ion: Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Ion: Bromate

BrO₃^-

Ion: Mercury (I)

Hg₂²⁺

Soluble Ionic Combounds

Solubles: Nitrate, Acetate, Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Sulfate

Insolubles: Sulfide, Carbonate, Phosphate, Hydroxide

Solubility: Nitrate

Soluble

Exceptions: None

Solubility: Acetate

Soluble

None

Solubility: Chloride

Soluble

Exceptions: Silver, Mercury (I), and Lead

Ag⁺, Hg₂²⁺, and Pb²⁺

Solubility: Bromide

Soluble

Exceptions: Silver, Mercury (I), and Lead

Ag⁺, Hg₂²⁺, and Pb²⁺

Solubility: Iodide

Soluble

Exceptions: Silver, Mercury (I), and Lead

Ag⁺, Hg₂²⁺, and Pb²⁺

Solubility: Sulfate

Soluble

Exceptions: Strontium, Silver, Mercury (I), and Lead ions

Sr²⁺, Ag⁺, Hg₂²⁺, and Pb²⁺

Solubility: Sulfide

Insoluble

Exceptions: Alkali Metal Cations, Ammonium, Calcium, Strontium and Barium ions

Group 1A, NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺

Solubility: Hydroxide

Insoluble

Exceptions: Alkali Metal Cations, Ammonium, Calcium, Strontium and Barium ions

Group 1A, NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺

Solubility: Carbonate

Insoluble

Exceptions: Alkali Metal Cations and Ammonium

Group 1A, NH₄⁺

Solubility: Phosphate

Insoluble

Exceptions: Alkali Metal Cations and Ammonium

Group 1A, NH₄⁺,

Strong and Weak Acids

Strong: HCl, HBr, HI, HClO₃, HClO₄, HNO₃, H₂SO4

Weak: Ionics w/ H+

Strong and Weak Bases

Strong: Alkali Metal Hydroxides + Heavy Alkaline Earth Metal Hydroxides (Ca and below)

Weak: Ionics w/ OH-

Strong vs Weak vs Non Electrolytes

S: Strong Acids + Ionic Compounds

W: Weak Acids + Weak Bases + NH₃

N: All other compounds