Physiology Lecture 34 - Breathing

the alveoli has a ____ _______

thin epithelium

why does the alveoli have a thin epithelium?

to fuse with vessels, diffuse gases

what types of cells are inside the alveoli?

macrophages, surfactant producing cells

what is the relationship between surfactant cells and water?

surfactant decreases the cohesiveness of water

what would happen to the lungs if water was there without surfactant cells?

just water would collapse the lungs

what is wrong with this patient?

pneumonia

describe the outside of alveoli

cobweb of capillaries

blood goes right back to the heart true or false

true

what are pleurae?

double layered membrane, fluid between layers, parietal covers chest wall and diaphragm, visceral covers lung surface

what happens during breathing?

expansion and recoil

what happens when you breathe and your lungs expand?

increasing chest cavity size draws air into lungs

lung expansion = inspiration, why?

boyle’s law, volume changes lead to pressure changes, flow of gases equalizes pressure

gases always fill the space in a container. true or false?

true because of boyle’s law

what happens when recoil occurs when you breathe?

recoil expels air

what prevents the lungs from collapsing?

lungs stick to the chest

what happens if you get stabbed in the chest?

pneumothorax

what is pneumothorax?

presence of air in pleural cavity when the seal is broken and you can’t breathe

how do we increase the volume of our chest cavity?

diaphragm

how does the diaphragm increase chest volume?

contraction (down)

what are intercostal muscles?

muscles between ribs, raises rib cage, “bucket handle” movement

_____ + _____ = inspiration?

intercostal muscles + diaphragm