Basic Concepts in Physical & Inorganic Chemistry

Flashcards covering basic concepts in physical and inorganic chemistry, including atoms, elements, compounds, molecules, ions, formulas, relative masses, Avogadro's constant, mole, molar mass and molar gas volume.

Atom

A tiny particle that all matter is made from.

Element.

A substance that consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means.

What is a compound?

A substance that consists of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.

Describe a molecule.

Two or more atoms covalently bonded together.

What does diatomic mean?

Two atoms covalently bonded in a molecule.

Define an ion.

A charged particle formed when an atom loses or gains electrons.

What is a molecular ion?

Two or more atoms covalently bonded with an overall charge.

Describe a molecular formula.

A formula which shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

What is an empirical formula?

A formula which shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.

What is relative atomic mass (RAM)?

The average mass of an atom of an element relative to one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

What is relative formula mass (RFM)?

The average mass of a formula unit relative to one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

What is relative molecular mass (RMM)?

The average mass of a molecule relative to one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Define Avogadro's constant.

The number of atoms in 12.000g of carbon-12.

What is a mole?

The amount of substance which contains Avogadro's constant of atoms, molecules, or groups of ions.

What is molar mass?

The mass of one mole of a substance (g/mol).

What is molar gas volume?

The volume of one mole of gas under specified conditions of temperature and pressure.