Translation and the genetic code
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21 Terms
What is a primary transcript?
non-processed RNA (ex. no splicing)
Which is longer DNA or mRNA sequence?
Prokaryotes: similar length Eukaryotes: shorter due to splicing
How many natural amino acids?
20
Using the triplet codon genetic code - how many amino acids could be coded for?
(4 agu or c)(4)(4) 64
What are the steps of translation?
start translation
elongate polypeptide chain
terminate the polypeptide
What gene products are need for translation?
mieratr
How many gene products foes translation require?
over 100
How many proteins/rRNAs make up large subunit?
49 ribosomal proteins + 3 rRNA molecules
How many proteins/rRNAs make up small subunit?
33 ribosomal proteins + 1 rRNA molecule
What do tRNA do?
they are the adaptors who read the code
What does aminoacyl tRNA synthetase do?
binds to amino acid and its corresponding uncharged tRNA
How flexible is base pairings between codons and anticodons?
somewhat flexible
Can you predict mRNA from protein structure
no because there are multiple amino acid possibilities
What do ribosomes do in translation?
establish a reading frame
How is eukaryotic translation start determined?
on a start codon by initiation complex
when does elongation continue to?
when a stop codon is reached
Where does initiator RNA bind on ribosome?
P
which protein terminus is synthesized first?
N to C
How do we start translation and where?
Initiator tRNA on ribosome
How do we elongate the peptide chain?
charged tRNAs on ribosome
How do we terminate the polypeptide?
stop codon and release factor
Note 
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