SVU: Maltreatment Flash Review

Physical Abuse

intentional physical harm

Sexual Abuse

any sexual activity involving a child

Emotional/psychological abuse

behavior that harms a child’s emotional development

Neglect

failure to meet a child’s basic needs

ACE Study (Adverse Childhood Experiences)

the relationship between childhood adversity and adult health outcomes

NIS-4 (National Incidence Study)

provides estimates of actual maltreatment going on, as well as cases that aren’t reported to CPS

NCANDS (National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System)

the federal database of reported CPS cases

Racial Disparities

differences in outcomes between groups (e.g. black children investigated at higher rates)

Racial Disproportionality

when a group’s representation in the system is larger than its share of the population (e.g. if black children are 14% of the population but 25% of foster care)

What is Boyd’s Framework?

1. poverty

2. structural racism

3. surveillance differences

4. policy biases

5. historical oppression

Boyd’s Framework

explains disproportionality through systemic factors

HPA Axis

stress response system

Survival States

children adapt to trauma

PTSD

clinical diagnosis with specific criteria

Traumatic Stress

broader trauma symptoms that may not meet full PTSD criteria