US History - Chapter 10: Challenges in the Late 1800s

reservations

Specific areas designated for use by Native Americans

Sand Creek Massacre

A group of Sioux Indians attacked white settlers

Sitting Bull

Leader of a group of Sioux Indians

Battle of the Little Big Horn

George Custer and his 600 men tried to relocate 2000 Native Americans. The Native Americans attacked them and killed 200.

Chief Joseph

Led the Nez Perces 1,300 miles to Canada after US troops tried to relocate them

Wounded Knee Massacre

The government tried to arrest Sitting Bull to stop the Ghost Dance. His followers protested and caused a fight.

assimilation

Adopting culture and civilization of whites

Dawes General Allotment Act

Gave property for farming to Native Americans in hopes that they would adopt a farming lifestyle

vigilantes

Self-appointed law enforcers

transcontinental railroad

Rail link from the east to west coast

land grants

Gave railroad builds land chunks to build on

open-range system

Property was not fenced in and cattle could roam freely

Homestead Act

Offered farm plots to people in the west

Exodusters

Former slaves that fled the south

Las Gorras Blancas

Group that attacked large ranch owners

spoils system

Government jobs were given to anyone without considering qualifications

civil service

System that includes jobs in the executive branch

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Required people to take a civil service exam before getting a government job

gold standard

Paper money was backed by gold reserves

political machines

Run by parties to gain political control

fiat money

Currency not backed by anything

Oliver H Kelley

Organized the Grange

Grange

A group that called for regulation on railroad and grain elevator rates

Populist Party

Party that aimed to solve political issues

William Jennings Bryan

1896 democratic presidential candidate

William McKinley

1896 republican presidential candidate

Farmers’ Alliance

Large group of farmers that worked together for a common cause