QUIZ 1- FIRST QUARTER

Analytical chemistry

concerned with finding out what is present in a sample(qualitative)/how much of something is present(quantitative)

Organic chemistry

study of carbon-containing substances

Inorganic chemistry

study of substances that do not contain carbon

Physical chemistry

study of mechanism, rates and energetics of chemical reactions

Biochemistry

concerned with the chemistry of life processes and living organisms

Johnstone’s triangle

representation of the 3 levels of chemistry

Macroscopic

visible to naked eye (use your senses)

Microscopic

visible under microscope (molecular level)

Symbolic

cannot be seen, must be turned into models (Representational)

Big idea 1

all matter is made of very small particles

Solid

fixed shape and volume (particles are close), has strong attraction to each other

Liquid

takes shape of container, forms horizontal surface in containers (slight distance, moves past each other)

Gases

expands to fill container, no fixed shape and volume, can be compressed, has weak attraction and greater distance, particles bump into each other

Plasma

gaseous state consisting of positive ions and electrons

Matter

anything that occupies space and has mass

Property

characteristic that differentiates types of matter

Substance

type of matter with the same properties and composition throughout the sample

Unique substances

has characteristic properties that differ from the properties of other substances

Pure substances

matter with the same properties throughout, composed of only one substance and cannot be physically separated

Elements

made of only one type of atom

Compounds

substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions

Electrolysis

break down of compounds into elements

Mixtures

physically bonded, combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities

Homogenous

have only one phase, composition is the same throughout

Heterogenous

made of more than one phase, can be seperated physically

Physical property

can be observed without the substance changing into or interacting with another substance

Chemical property

can be observed when one kind of matter is converted into a different kind (chemical reaction)

Mass

measures amount of matter in a substance

Mass v Weight

weight is affected by gravity while mass is universal (kg-mass, lb-weight)

Qualitative

not measureable, needs to be observed through senses

Quantitative

can be measured, uses units of measurement and tools

Volume

amount of space that matter occupies

Density

amount of matter in a given space (how tightly packed) (mass/volume)

Temperature

degree of hotness and coldess in an object

Average kinetic energy

average vibration in an object, determines temperature (higher vibration, higher AKE, higher temperature)