Grade.11.Biology.Module1

What are cells?

The smallest unit of life capable of carrying out all functions of living things.

What are the two main types of microscopes?

Light microscope and electron microscope.

What is cell division?

The process where a cell divides to form two new cells.

What is the cell theory?

The theory stating that cells are the basic unit of life, all organisms are made up of cells, and all cells arise from existing cells.

Define unicellular organisms.

Living things made up of only one cell.

Define multicellular organisms.

Living things made up of many cells.

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

It controls the activities of the cell.

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.

What is mitosis?

A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

What is meiosis?

A type of cell division that results in four genetically diverse daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.

What is the Linnaean system of classification?

A method of classifying living things into hierarchical categories such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

What is binomial nomenclature?

A two-word naming system for organisms consisting of the genus name and the species name.

Name one distinctive feature of plant cells.

Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts.

What are the five kingdoms in modern biological classification?

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

What is a dichotomous key?

A guide designed to identify organisms using pairs of observable traits as a checklist.

What defines a prokaryote?

An organism whose cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What defines a eukaryote?

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Give an example of a prokaryotic organism.

Bacteria.

Give an example of a eukaryotic organism.

Plants and animals.

What is chlorophyll?

A green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

It regulates the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell.

In males, the primary reproductive organ is the ______.

Testes.