Anti+Infective+Medications;Antivirals: acyclovir (PO, topical, IV) (Zovirax, Valtrex)

Medications for Viral Infections:

• antivirals: acyclovir, ganciclovir, interferon alfa-2b, lamivudine, oseltamivir, ribavirin, amantadine, boceprevir, telaprevir

• Antiretrovirals: Fusion/entry inhibitors: enfuvirtide

• Antiretrovirals: CCR5 antagonists: maraviroc

• Antiretrovirals: NRTIs: zidovudine, didanosine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir

• Antiretrovirals: NNRTIs: delavirdine, efavirenz, nevirapine, etravirine, rilpivirine

• Antiretrovirals: Protease Inhibitors: ritonavir, saquinavir, indinavir, fosamprenavir, nelfinavir

• Antiretrovirals: raltegravir

Herpes Simplex 1

• Transmitted by oral-to-oral contact

• Lesions around the mouth

• Highly contagious

• Mostly asymptomatic

• Some symptoms: painful blisters on lips “cold sores” 

• Most clients report itching or burning prior to eruption of sore

• Treatment of outbreaks with medications

Herpes Simplex 2

• Often called “genital herpes”

• Per the CDC, one in every 6 people ages 14-49 have genital herpes

• Transmitted by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected individual, can be passed when dormant or active

• Lesions in & around the genital tract

• Can be passed to a baby if lesions are “active” during delivery.  If “active” mothers will deliver via c section

• Highly contagious

• Treatment of outbreaks with medication

• Prevention: 

  • Long term, mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has tested negative 

  • Use of latex condoms otherwise

mechanism of action

Prevent reproduction of virus thus interrupts cell replication

therapeutic use

• Herpes 1 and 2

• Varicella-zoster virus

complications

• Phlebitis of site of infusion (IV)

• Nephrotoxicity

  • Administer IV infusion slowly

  • Encourage adequate hydration 

  • Caution in clients who have renal impairment

contraindications

Renal impairment/ Dehydration

education

• Use gloves to apply topically to prevent spreading virus to other areas of the body

• Does not cure virus

• Refrain from sexual contact when lesions are present

• Wash with soap & water 3-4/daily

• Keep lesions dry

• Take with food