Reactivity 1.3.5

Voltaic cell

An electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy from spontaneous redox reactions into electrical energy.

Primary cell

An electrochemical cell with irreversible reactions used for low-current applications, containing toxic materials like zinc and manganese dioxide.

Secondary cell

A rechargeable electrochemical cell with reversible reactions, considered more environmentally friendly.

Hydrogen fuel cell

An electrochemical cell that uses hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce water, electricity, and heat.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM)

Chemical Equation: $2H<em>2(g) + O</em>2(g) \rightarrow 2H_2O(g)$

A membrane in hydrogen fuel cells that allows hydrogen ions to diffuse while preventing other ions and electrons.

Electrolysis of water

The process of using electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

Electrolysis of water chemical equation

Chemical Equation: $2H<em>2O(l) \rightarrow 2H</em>2(g) + O_2(g)$

The process of using electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

Steam reforming of hydrocarbons

A method that produces hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide from hydrocarbons and water, associated with environmental concerns.

Steam reforming of hydrocarbons chemical equation

Chemical Equation: $CH<em>4(g) + H</em>2O(g) \rightarrow CO(g) + 3H_2(g)$

A method that produces hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide from hydrocarbons and water, associated with environmental concerns.

Direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC)

A type of fuel cell that uses methanol as a source of hydrogen ions.