PR 2 - Lesson 1 Weaknesses, Strengths, Types

What is research?

It is the acquisition of new knowledge through a purposive, organized, and designed program of activities/study.

Basic VS Applied

Basic is solely to come up with a new knowledge or to have a full understanding of an existing one. Meanwhile, apllied is done to find an application of the knowledge regarding of its age.

What is quantitative research?

• It is a systematic empirical investigation of phenomena using tools of math & stats

• Involves quantification and measurement

• Aims to test a hypothesis

• Aims to establish or validate relationships and develop generalizations

• Kind of research problems it addresses

  -philosophical underphinnings

  -adoption of sci methods

  -its deductive orientation

Strengths Of Quantitative Research

1. It can be replicated or repeated in other contexts.

2. It provides findings that are generalizable to a large population

3. It can make predictions based on numerical, quantifiable data; establishes causality more conclusively

4. Data gathering techniques are less demanding

5. Its validity and reliability can be measured.

6. Numerical data can be analyzed quickly and easily

7. It has a low degree of subjectivity

Weaknesses of Quanti Research

1. It lacks the ability to provide a comprehansive textual description of human expression and complex phenomenon.

2. Numerical data may be insufficient.

3. Less flexible

4. Responses may not be extensive.

Kinds of Quanti Research

1. Experimental

2. Non-Experimental

Types under Experimental Research

1. True Experimental - random assignment is applied, effect on the dependent is directly due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

2. Quasi-Experimental - no random assignments or subjects to experimental research

3. Pre-Experimental - follows sum basic steps in experimental but fails to include a control or experimental group. The dependent variable is measured once before treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented.

Types under Quasi- Experimental

1. Matched-Comparative-Group - treatment group has similarities with another group

2. Time-Series- applies series of pre-tests and post-tests to test the effectiveness of the program

3. One-Group Post-Test Design - controls treatment and conditions applied to one group. A treatment is implemented and then a dependent variable is measured once after treatment is implemented.

Types under non-experimental

1. Causal-Comparative - examines a naturally occuring treatment or intervention affects outcome of interest.

2. Comparative - examines differences or similarities between groups of a variable of interest

3. Correlational - examines direction and degree relationship between variables.

4. Survey Research - provides simple data about the amount or frequency of something

5. Descriptive - involves collection of data to either tests a hypothesis or describe the variables mentioned in the study.