physics

Displacement (constant velocity)

v = Δx / Δt

Normal Force on Flat Surface

N = m g

Total Mechanical Energy

E = KE + PE

Power (force and velocity form)

P = F v cos(θ)

Percent Power per Bulb

% = (Pbulb / Ptotal) × 100%

Electric Power (I and R form)

P = I² R

Electric Power (V and R form)

P = V² / R

Mass Units

kg

Power Units

Watts (W)

Work Units

Joules (J)

Horizontal Velocity Component

vₓ = vᵢ cos(θ)

Vertical Velocity Component

v_y = vᵢ sin(θ)

Horizontal Displacement (projectile)

x = vᵢ cos(θ) × t

Vertical Displacement (projectile)

y = vᵢ sin(θ) × t - ½ g t²

Time to Apex (projectile)

t_apex = vᵢ sin(θ) / g

Total Flight Time (symmetric projectile)

t_total = 2 vᵢ sin(θ) / g

Maximum Height (projectile)

h_max = (vᵢ² sin²(θ)) / (2g)

Range (projectile)

R = (vᵢ² sin(2θ)) / g