xray physics test 1

Matter is measured in what?

Kilograms

Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of

matter

Radiowaves, light, and x-rays are all examples of __________ energy.

electromagnetic

A moving object has ____________ energy.

kinetic

The outermost shell on any atom can hold a maximum of _______ electrons, even though the same shell may hold more electrons as long as it’s not the outermost shell.

8

If a nucleus contains 5 protons and 6 neutrons.  What is its atomic mass number?

11

Which fundamental particle has the least mass?

electron

The binding energies, or energy levels, of electrons are represented by their _____.

shells

What is the maximum number of electrons permitted in the P shell of an atom?

72 electrons

The periodic table of the elements was developed by _____ in the late 19 century.

Mendeleev

The smallest particle that has all the properties of an element is a(n) _____.

Atom

The identity of a chemical element is determined by:

Number of protons

What information does the group number tell you:

Number of electron’s in outermost shell

_______ measures the quantity of matter in an object.

Mass

Energy that is associated with an object not in motion is called:

Potential Energy

What form of energy causes a flashlight to shine?

Chemical Energy

During Beta emission, an atom releases _____.

A Beta Electron

The _____ is the least penetrating form of ionizing radiation.

Alpha particle

Which particle consists of two neutron and two protons bound together.

Alpha particle

Which particulate emission results in no change in atomic mass number and an increase of atomic number by one?

Beta Emission

When an atom has the same number of protons as another, but a different number of neutrons, it is called an _____.

Isotope

The atomic number of molybdenum is 42 and the atomic mass number is 98. How many neutrons does it have?The atomic number of molybdenum is 42 and the atomic mass number is 98. How many neutrons does it have?

56

Why does certain elements have similar chemical behaviors?

They all have the same number of outer shell electrons

¹³⁴Ba(56): what is the protons and neutrons

78 Neutrons

56 Protons

The largest source of man-made radiation exposure to the public is:

Medical

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy:

Thermal

Chemical

Work

Nuclear

Electrical

work

Name the three base quantities of measurement.

Time, Length, Mass

On the periodic chart of the elements, when would the next atom listed move to the next period?

When the next electron added requires a new shell

As you move from left to right across the periodic table, what happens to the number of outer-shell electrons from one element to the next?

It increases by 1

Atoms with all electron shells filled are considered chemically stable or very reactive?

Chemically stable

When oxygen ( combines with two atoms of hydrogen ( H) to from water, the resultant molecule has a total of:

1. 10 protons

2. 8 electrons

3. 16 electrons

4. 18 protons

5. 20 nucleons

10 protons

129/53 I is stable, electrically neutral atom, then how many neutrons are there in such an atom?

76 neurons

12/6 C and 14/6 C has the same

number of protons

The following atoms are all stable; which has the highest K-shell electron binding energy?

1. Al (aluminum)

2. Hg (mercury)

3. S (sulfur)

4. Sr (strontium)

5. Tc (Technetium)

Hg (mercury)

The difference in electrical energy between two points in an electric circuit (due to the excess of electrons at one point relative to the other):

Potential Difference

What is the unit of measurement that indicates electrical current?

Amps

Electrical resistance is measure in units of ____________.

ohms

What are the two types of currents?

direct current and alternating current

How fast does the x-ray beam travel? Speed?

speed of light (3 x 10⁸ m/s)

Does the x-ray beam have mass? Does it have a charge?

Has NO mass or charge

What is the definition of wavelength? How is it measured?

Distance from one crest to another

What is the definition of frequency?

# of wavelengths that pass a point of observation per second (hertz)

How does increasing energy affect frequency & wavelength?

less wavelengths more frenquency