peds theories of development

what are the domains of development

- gross motor

- fine motor

- cognitive

- social-emotional

-communication

development is believed to involve the interaction of what factors

- genetic

- intrinsic

- environmental

intrinsic factors include

the experiences, willingness to persist in difficult activities, resilience, and the tendency to participate in activities

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- development follows a set, invariant sequence (all babys must follow same exact development)

- hierarchical → simple to complex skills

neuromaturational

what does the neuromaturational theory believe is the most important thing to guide development

CNS

true or false: the neuromaturational view states that motor milestones are invariant in their sequence and develop from fine to gross

false - gross to fine

the neuromaturational view states that motor control progresses from _______ to ________ movement, which is important in PT application

reflexive; voluntary

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- thinking develops in stages of increasing complexity

- children organize mental schemes through the use of mental operations

- children need to be active participants in their environment

cognitive

cognitive skills are important for developing

motor skills

the behavioral view on development states that behavior is shaped by the ________

environment

consequences of behavior will influence

future occurences of that behavior

the following are primary concepts of the ________ view on development:

- positive reinforcement

- planned ignoring

- negative reinforcement

- shaping (CIMT)

behavioral

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- presence of biologically determined drives & unconscious conflicts

- initial drives are for survival

- when basic needs are met, we seek self-actualization

psychoanalytical/psychosocial

which theory of development has the following PT application:

- a hungry child will not participate

- a child who does not trust you / feel safe will not participate

- a child who is not enjoying your company will not participate

- a child who feels appreciated and rewarded will do better

psychoanalytical/psychosocial

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- the environment has a very strong influence on development

- affordance

- emphasis on peer interactions

ecological/contextual

__________ = the opportunities for action provided by a particular object or the environment

affordance (we step over a box but a baby crawls over)

which view says we think about affordances of objects and toys in our interventions

ecological/contextual

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- movement emerges based on the internal milieu, external environment, and the task (person, task, environment)

- movement is NOT directed by one system, but by many dynamic, interacting systems

- how we can change the environment to use play for interventions

dynamic systems

true or false: the dynamic systems theory states that universal milestones (crawling & walking) are learned through a process of adaptation, and movement patterns are modulated as the child explores new movement options to fit a new task

true

which theory of development has the following basic concepts?

- infant motor development includes periods of increased & decreased variability due to changes in the CNS

- cortical & subcortical systems dynamically organize into variable neural networks

neuronal group selection

true or false: neuronal group selection theory says that we shouldn't limit atypical movements by hands on facilitations and should instead focus on doing things to change it long-term

true

examples of chromosomal abnormalities

trisomy 21/down syndrome

examples of single gene abnormalities

- CF

- duchenne musuclar dystrophy (DMD)

- hemophilia

- osteogenesis imperfecta

- spinal muscular atrophy

examples of multilevel inheritance

spina bifida