Terns Ap World Semester 1

Peter I

Tsar _______ greatly enhanced territorial expansion and
initiated many domestic reforms, earning him the name Peter the Great. He also
began to reform Russia along the lines of the Western model.

Pope

leader of catholic church, fighting the protestant reformation and the scientific revolution to keep power

Indulgences

Payments to the catholic church to forgive sins and send you to heaven. A reason Martin Luther spoke out against the Church

Siege of Vienna

from 1529-1683 where catholic forces hold off ottomans advancement by land in Europe twice ending the threat of the Ottomans in Surope

95 Theses

written by Martin Luther that openly spoke out against the corruption of the Catholic Church in 1517. Spread quickly by the printing press and was translated into German. Talked about indulgences, nepotism, and simony

Queue Order

the infamous policy in which all Han men were required to adopt the Manchu queue hairstyle. If it wasn’t followed it could be punished by death.

Ivan IV

______continued Russian expansion; he also
consolidated monarchial power at the expense of the Russian nobility. He declared himself Tsar of the Rus in 1547, leading to much of the boyar's independent political power was soon abolished. He ruthlessly crushed the boyar opposition in an event known as the Oprichnina Terror. He consolidated and centralized monarchial power. Known as ____ the terrible.

Boyars

Russian ____ were members of the highest rank of Eastern European feudal aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes. They protested against Ivan IV however were ruthlessly crushed them and stripped them of their land.

Muscovy

kingdom headed in Moscow that led the campaign of uniting the Rus people under a single crown and ousting the Golden Horde

Thirty Years Wars

1618-1648: the final religious war in Europe between Catholics and Protestants that included every single major power in Europe

Battle of Lepanto

1571 a massive naval battle between Christian European states
and the Ottoman Empire; result: Christian forces win complete control of Med. Sea

Confucian Examination System

A test one had to pass in the Qing dynasty about Chinese history and Confucianism to participate in the government. Usually wealthy elites sons were able to complete the tests.

St. Petersburg

Peter I oved the
imperial capital to the coast, building __ _________ at great cost. It was to adopt Western maritime trade practices.

banning of intermarriage

While examination systems were used by the Qing to maintain social harmony,
many other policies were intended to persecute and submit the Han people. One such policy was the ______ __ _______; this measure
was intended to assert Manchu identity and dominance over the Han. This policy was that the Manchu and the Han could not mix families.

Songhai

Starting in the 1460s and 1470s, Gao, led by the _______ family, began to expand by taking Malian cities, such as Timbuktu By 1500, the_______ had conquered the rest of Mali and formed the largest sub-Saharan. (same word twice)

printing press

This device allowed Martin Luther’s 95 Theses spread. It is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a
print medium, such as paper or cloth, thereby transferring the ink. It was invented by Johannes Gutenburg around 1440.

Manchu

The Ming were defeated by the Northern invaders from Manchuria. They imposed this cultural aspect like the queue order on the Han to demonstrate their dominance over the Han Chinese and assert their ruling _____ culture

Martin Luther

_____ ______ is a Catholic monk, began studying the classical Christian Texts; in doing so, he realized early Christianity did not resemble
the Christianity practiced by the Catholic Church in the 16th century .He wrote the 95 Theses and translated it into German. ________ rejected many of the practices and authority of the
Church, noting that one only needs: 1) scripture as their authority, and 2) their own personal faith to achieve salvation

Ivan III

The initial and forceful unification of the Rus people and independence from Mongol rule was led by ______ with victory over the Golden Horde in 1480. Ruling from 1462-1505, _______ is largely considered the founder of the Russian state. Aside from his victory of the Mongols, Ivan III also defeated the Republic
of Novgorod (his main rival in Eastern Europe) and took 4/5 of their land. ______ became known as Ivan the Great. (same name 3 times)

Emperor Kangxi

Taking territories from the weakening khanates and areas of Southeast
Asia,________ (1654-1722) created a large Qing Empire. Him and the emperors had life size paintings of themselves painted funded ambitious works

Zheng He

A Ming admiral who emphasize maritime trade of the Song Dynasty and went on many voyages.

Battle of Diu

_____ __ ____ (1509) is a Portuguese victory over Muslim forces for control of the Indian Ocea

Protestant Reformation

_______ _______a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th century
Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in particular to papal
authority, arising from what were perceived to be errors, abuses, and discrepancies by the Catholic
Church. The Reformation was the start of Protestantism and the split of the Western Church into Protestantism and what is now the Roman Catholic Church.