Psych Test

What is someone who is Extroverted like?

Energized by people; enjoy a variety of tasks; like a quick pace; good at multitasking

What is someone who is Introverted like?

Like working alone or in small groups; prefer a deliberate pace; like focusing on one task at a time

What is someone who is Sensing like?

Likes to focus on the facts and details; apply common sense and past experiences to come up w/ practical solutions to problems

What is someone who is Intuitive like?

Prefer to focus on possibilities & the big picture; easily see patterns; value innovation; creative solutions to problems

What is someone who is Thinking like?

Logical decision makers; objective thinkers; value honesty, consistency, and fairness

What is someone who is Feeling like?

Sensitive & cooperative; make decisions based on personal values & how others will be affected

What is someone who is Judging like?

Organized & prepared; like making and sticking to plans; comfortable following most rules

What is someone who is Perceiving like?

Like keeping options open; like spontaneity; flexible with making plans

What does the O in OCEAN stand for?

Openness

What does the C in OCEAN stand for?

Conscientiousness

What does the E in OCEAN stand for?

Extroversion

What does the A in OCEAN stand for?

Agreeableness

What does the N in OCEAN stand for?

Neuroticism

What does a low score in Openness mean?

Practical, conventional, prefers routine

What does a high score in Openness mean?

Curious, wide range of interests, independent

What does a low score in Conscientiousness mean?

Impulsive, careless, disorganized

What does a high score in Conscientiousness mean?

Hardworking, dependable, organized

What does a low score in Extroversion mean?

Quiet, reserved, withdrawn

What does a high score in Extroversion mean?

Outgoing, warm, seeks adventure

What does a low score in Agreeableness mean?

Critical, uncooperative, suspicious

What does a high score in Agreeableness mean?

Thoughtful, trusting, empathetic

What does a high score in Neuroticism mean?

Anxious, unhappy, prone to negative emotions

What does a low score in Neuroticism mean?

Calm, even-tempered, secure

What does MMPI stand for?

Minnesota Multiphastic Personality Inventory

What does TAT stand for?

Thematic Apperception Test

What type of test is the Rorschach inkblot test?

Projective

What type of test is the TAT?

Projective

What is the purpose of the Rorschach inkblot test?

To interpret the image and uncover unconscious thoughts

What is the purpose of the TAT?

Concoct a story about the image to uncover unconscious issues

What is the Meyers-Briggs test?

A self-report questionnaire to determine I vs E, J vs P, S vs iN, and T vs F

What is the MMPI test?

Very long self-report test that can only be administered under professional supervision

What is Carl Rogers’ idea of “ideal self”?

The person you want to be

What is Carl Rogers’ idea of “real self”?

The person you currently are

What is the problem with aligning your “ideal self” and “real self” when it comes to Carl Rogers?

Trying to align them can stress you out, but also drive you to work harder to achieve your ideal self

What is Carl Rogers’ “unconditional positive regard”?

This is a client-central therapy where they talk about what the client wants to talk about & the therapist always listens. Makes sure the person knows they’re loved NO MATTER WHAT!

What are some criticisms of Humanistic personality studies (Maslow & Rogers)?

Hard to study; Maslow only looked into white males; doesn’t take into account situations, biology, or other factos

What is a positive to the Humanistic personality studies (Maslow & Rogers)?

The Humanistic outlook is a very positive look at human nature

Who are the Behavioral and Social-cognitive personality psychologists?

Bandura, Skinner, and Watson

What is the premise of the Behavioral and Social-cognitive personality theory?

How someone learns behavior from others (modeling, imitation, reinforcement); situational influence; how a person thinks through/reacts to a situation

What psychologist was responsible for the Bobo Doll (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Bandura

What psychologist was responsible for classical conditioning (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Watson

What psychologist was responsible for the Little Albert experiment (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Watson

What psychologist was responsible for operant conditioning (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Skinner

What psychologist was responsible for self-efficacy (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Bandura

What psychologist was responsible for social learning/modelings (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Bandura

What psychologist was responsible for pigeons, rats, boxes (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Skinner

Wht psychologist was responsible for reciprocal determinism (Watson, Bandura, Skinner)?

Bandura

What is “reciprocal determinism”?

A person’s behavior is dependent on their own personality & the environment (environment, behavior, and a person all impact each other)

What role does Environment play in “reciprocal determinism”?

Stimuli from social or physical environment; reinforcement contingencies

What role do People play in “reciprocal determinism”?

Personality characteristics; cognitive processes; self-regulation skills

What role does Behavior play in “reciprocal determinism”?

Nature; frequency; intensity

What was the purpose of the Bobo doll experiment?

Monkey see, monkey do when it comes to seeing violence and re-enacting it; women are more verbally abusive, men are more physically abusive

Who was responsible for womb envy?

Horney

Who was responsible for the eight stages of psychosocial development?

Erikson

Who was responsible for the collective unconscious?

Jung

Who was responsible for the oral, anal, phallic, genital, and phallic stages?

Freud

Who was responsible for the neuroses?

Horney

Who was responsible for inferiority complex?

Adler

Who was responsible for ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO?

Freud

Who were the main psychologists of the Psychodynamic theories?

Freud, Jung, Erikson, Adler, and Horney

What were some critiques of the Psychodynamic theories?

Interpretations of projective tests are very subjective; they don’t consider biology; hard to confirm that the unconscious exists

What is the premise of the Humanistic theories?

Reaching your best self; self-actualization; positive growth, optimisim

What is the bottom level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Physiological needs

What is the level after Psyiological needs on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Safety needs

What is the level after Safety needs on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Love + belonging

What is the level after Love + belonging on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Esteem needs

What is the level after Esteem needs on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Self-actualization

What is the first stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Trust vs Mistrust

What is the second stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Autonomy vs Shame/doubt

What is the third stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Initiative vs Guilt

What is the fourth stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Industry vs Inferiority

What is the fifth stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Identity vs Role confusion

What is the sixth stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Intimacy vs Isolation

What is the seventh stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Generativity vs Stagnation

What is the eigth stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?

Integrity vs Despair

What was Carl Jung’s idea of “collective unconscious”?

Collection of knowledge/images that all humans are born w/ due to ancestral experiences

What is Alder’s “inferiority complex”?

We are all born feeling inferior and have an innate drive to overcome that

What is a similarity between Freud and Erikson?

Both believed in the underlying conflicts and stages

What was a difference between Freud and Erikson?

Erikson went further in age and did not just focus on sexual conflicts

How did Freud and Horney differ in opinion?

Penis envy vs womb envy; Horney gave women more credit; didn’t think everything revolved around childhood and sexual nature

What is Denial?

Ignoring evidence and refusing to believe (despite all evidence)

What is an example of Denial?

Ella denies her husband is having an affair, despite the blatant evidence.

What is Projection?

Placing undesirable characteristics about yourself onto someone else

What is an example of Projection?

I am a bad driver, but I call others bad at driving when I make a mistake.

What is Repression?

Pushing something so far down that you can’t even recall it

What is an example of Repression?

Dante can’t recall his childhood trauma because he repressed it

What is Reaction formation?

Acting the opposite way of how you actually feel

What is an example Reaction formation?

I dislike Chloe, so I actually act super nice to her

What is Displacement?

Taking your emotions out on someone or something else less threatening

What is an example of Displacement?

My day wasn’t good, so I take it out on my best friend

What is your moral voice?

SUPEREGO

What is your pleasure principle?

ID

What is your reality principle?

EGO

What is the premise of the psychodynamic theory?

The unconscious; underlying memories/concerns/ideas

What are Cardinal traits?

Underlying trait; not everyone has one; rare, but strongly determines a person’s behavior

What are Central traits?

Plenty of these; present in all people; how you would describe yourself

What are Secondary traits?

Traits that are situational

What are Psychoticism behaviors?

Non-conformist activities; impulsive personality; risk takers

What are Extroversion behaviors?

People person or not; gets energy from people; social events

What are Neuroticism behaviors?

Emotional reactions to events (sadness, depression, anger, etc)