Ap Euro Industrial Revolution

12/4/22

A term coined in 1799 to describe the burst of invention and economic expansion

Industrial Revolution

Increasing in wealth & gaining voting rights, the development of the _____ challenged traditional power of the nobility

Middle class

Adam Smith laissez-faire capitalism (liberal economics) challenged all of the following except

* guilds and artisans
* land based nobility
* mercantilism
* private business and the middle class <<<

All the following contributed to causing the industrial revolution in Great Britain during the late 1700s except

* the scientific method and academies of science from Scientific Revolution
* Napoleons continental system
* the individualism and rationalism of the enlightenment
* political stability in Britain while France was engulfed in revolution

The industrial Revolution began in ____ around 1780

Great Britian

The industry initially impacted most by the industrial revolution was the

Textile Industry

Early textile factories utilized this resource to produce power in order to run their machines

Water

A simple, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves in 1765

Spinning Jenny

The steam engines was refined by ____, making it a key to efficiently power factories

James Watt

Invented by ____, the first effective locomotive traveled 24 mph and was first tested in 1829

George Stephenson

Stephenson's locomotive was known as the

Rocket

He was a pioneer of the consumer revolution, known of his pottery and as supplier to the queen

Josiah Wedgewood

Architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron which symbolized the Industrial Revolution

Crystal Palace

Theory suggest the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above subsistence

Iron law of wages

English economist who suggested the theory of Iron law of wages

David Ricardo

Without an agricultural revolution, there could never have been an Industrial Revolution

True

The consumer revolution catalyzed the Industrial Revolution by

The manufacture and sale luxury (non-essential) goods

Two natural resources native to Great Britain that aided the Industrial Revolution

Coal and Iron

By 1913, ____ had replaced Great Britain as the leading Industrial nation in the world

The United States

Railways serve not only as important routes of transit, but also symbols of national identity

True

Petite bourgeoise refers to

shopkeepers and small business managers
* (lower middle class) *

The dynamo is a machine that was used to ____ during the Industrial Revolution

Power Factories and cities with electricty

It was largely thanks to the efforts of ____ that electricity became a power source

Michael Faraday

A gender division of labor with the wife at home and husband as the wage earner

Separate spheres

English laws that limited the workday of children and set safety requirements

Factory Acts

In anticipation of unfair working conditions amid the Industrial Revolution, Parliament

* passed workers protection legislation
* legalized unions
* reformed labor wage acts
* none of the above <<<<

English laws prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under 10

Mines Act 1842

Awareness of belonging to a distinct socioeconomic group whose interest conflict with others.

Class-consciousness

Despite mass production capabilities, factories never posed a serious threat to artisans

False

France failed to spark the Industrial Revolution due to all of the following except

* The French Resolution and Napoleonic Wars
* Infrastructure focused upon military instead of business
* Antiquated mercantilism and excessive bureaucracy
* Flat population index while the rest of Europe rose in population <<<

A group of handicraft workers (artisans) who attacked factories in norther England and smashed machines

Luddites

Cottage industry workers were excited at the opportunity to work in factories

False

The following were goals of the Chartist movement except

* Universal male suffrage
* Secret ballot
* Parliamentary elections every five years <<<
* Payment for members of Parliament

The Combination Acts are attributed to all of the following except

Remained in effect until the Revolution of 1848

Wrote the Conditions of the working class in England, which was anti capitalist

Frederik Engels

The following crop proved vital to the textile industry amid the Industrial Revolution

Cotton

Robert Owen attempted to

Create a single large national union

The Industrial Revolution was successful in Great Britain due to all of the following except

Absolutism and strategic central planning

Despite abolishing the slave trade in 1807, Britain benefited from labor via

* The cotton industry and slave labor in the American South
* Slave Labor in British overseas colonies
* Both of the above <<<

Jethro Tull is created with which key invention

The horse drawn see drill

Rapid population growth proved a key attribute of British industrial advancement

True

Important sources of energy during the industrial revolution included

* Electricity
* Steam/coal power
* Water
* All of the above

Adam Smith believed that a capitalist economic could increase happiness by

The success of the few at the top would spread to many

Following the agricultural revolution, the Industrial Resolution progressed incredibly rapidly

False

The industrial Revolution strengthen the middle class in both wealth and influence

True

Handicraft worker attacked factories in England in 1811 and later, smashing the new machines

Luddites

In Britain, ____ desired all men be given the rights to vote

Chartists

A Marxian term for the voting class

Proliteriat

Laws passed from 1802-1833 limited workday of child laborers & set minimum safety requirements

Factory Acts

Religiously inspired morality, responisblility of man as breadwinner and wife as homeworker

respectability

Prohibited underground work for all women and girls as well as boys under the age of ten

Mines act of 1842

Families become smaller, but married working class families were often living off of one income

True

The industrial revolution presented a serious challenge to all of the following except

* Guilds and artisans
* Cottage Industry and the putting -out system
* Traditional merchants and mercantilism
* Liberal economic theory (Adams Smiths Laissez Faire capitalism)