AP Euro Vocab 1.3-1.5

Erasmus

Renaissance thinker who wrote the praise of folly

Christian Humanism

Using humanistic ideals to reform the catholic church

Patronage

Wealthy people who funded scholars and artists

Printing Press

an invention that used movable metal type to print pages; made it easier to replicate books

Guttenburg

Inventor of the printing press

Movable Type

individual letters and marks that can be arranged and rearranged quickly; used in Guttenburg's printing press

Realism

A focus on humans and reality in painting

Idealism

Trying to portay the best possible verision of something in a painting

New Monarch

Monarchs that took efforts to consolidate power into one central authority, and attempted to reduce the power of Nobles and church officials.

Standing Army

a permanent paid army of professional soldiers

Nation State

A country who's population share a common identity.

Royal Charters

A document given by the king, that gives people in a city the ability or the freedom to make their own rules and laws; also entitles them to protection

Ferdinand and Isabella

The king and queen of Spain; they reduced power of Nobles, took control of military, united Spain, and other measures to consolidate power. [A prime example of New Monarchy]

Spanish Inquisition

A program ordered by the Spanish monarchy that forced non-Catholics to either convert or leave the country within a few months

Tutor Dynasty

Another example of New Monarchy; They ended the War of Roses, significantly reduced the power of Nobles, and funded explorers like John Cabot

Henry VIII

English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval)

Charles V

Holy Roman Emperor

Act of Supremacy

Declared the king (Henry VIII) and his successors the supreme head(s) of the Church of England in 1534.