combustion

What type of reaction is combustion ? Endo or Exo ?

exothermic reaction as it gives out heat

What are some examples of fossil fuels ?

coal oil and gas which are finite resources

Where can methane be found in ?

natural gas

What is a combustion reaction ?

Combustion is a type of oxidation reaction where water and carbon dioxide is produces and energy is given out

What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion ?

• complete combustion happens with sufficient amount of oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water

• incomplete combustion happens if there is not enough oxygen present, soot (solid carbon) and carbon monoxide are given off (carbon dioxide can also be given off)

What is carbon monoxide ?

a toxic gas which binds preferentially and permanently to the haemoglobin in red blood cells in place of oxygen, this mean d you die of a lack of oxygen

Draw the products of combustion ?

What happens when fuels are burned ? What issues can they cause ?

when burnt, oxygen and nitrogen react together at high temps to produce oxides of nitrogen - these are pollutants and can cause issues linked to acid rain and asthma

How is sulphur dioxide produced ?

• sulphur is found in fossil files e.g coal

• when burnt its sulphur oxidises into sulphur dioxide SO(lil2)

• it then dissolves in the clouds and falls as acid rain

What is the problems with acid rain ?

• stunt plant growth

• weaken the shells of creatures like shell fish

• corrode limestone buildings (see churches/ gravestones)

What are the advantages of using hydrogen, rather than petrol, as fuel in cars ?

• it releases more energy per kilogram than any other fuels (except nuclear fuels)

• it doesn’t pollute as it only produces water on combustion - no other product is formed

What are the disadvantages of using hydrogen, rather than petrol, as fuel in cars ?

• Expensive to produce and requires energy for the production process

• Difficult and dangerous to store and move around (usually stored as liquid hydrogen in highly pressurised containers)

• The production of hydrogen process releases carbon dioxide 

Name non-renewable fossil fuels that are obtained from crude oil and found in natural gas ?

petrol

kerosene

diesel oil

methane - found in natural gas