BIOL 1442 Ch 29 Vocabulary

5.0(1)
studied byStudied by 3 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/98

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

99 Terms

1
New cards
Acanthostega
one of the earliest known tetrapods
2
New cards
Actinopterygii
ray-finned fishes
3
New cards
allantois
membrane of the egg that stores nitrogenous wastes produced by the embryo; also facilitates respiration
4
New cards
amnion
membrane of the egg that protects the embryo from mechanical shock and prevents dehydration
5
New cards
amniote
animal that produces a terrestrially adapted egg protected by amniotic membranes
6
New cards
Amphibia
frogs, salamanders, and caecilians
7
New cards
ampulla of Lorenzini
sensory organ that allows sharks to detect electromagnetic fields produced by living things
8
New cards
anapsid
animal having no temporal fenestrae in the cranium
9
New cards
anthropoid
monkeys, apes, humans
10
New cards
Anura
frogs
11
New cards
apocrine gland
scent gland that secretes substances that are used for chemical communication
12
New cards
Apoda
caecilians
13
New cards
Archaeopteryx
transition species from dinosaur to bird from the Jurassic period
14
New cards
archosaur
modern crocodilian or bird, or an extinct pterosaur or dinosaur
15
New cards
Australopithecus
genus of hominids that evolved in eastern Africa approximately four million years ago
16
New cards
brachiation
movement through tree branches via suspension from the arms
17
New cards
brumation
period of much reduced metabolism and torpor that occurs in any ectotherm in cold weather
18
New cards
caecilian
legless amphibian that belongs to the clade Apoda
19
New cards
Casineria
one of the oldest known amniotes; had both amphibian and reptilian characteristics
20
New cards
Catarrhini
clade of Old World monkeys
21
New cards
Cephalochordata
chordate clade whose members possess a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail in the adult stage
22
New cards
Chondrichthyes
jawed fish with paired fins and a skeleton made of cartilage
23
New cards
Chordata
phylum of animals distinguished by their possession of a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some point during their development
24
New cards
chorion
membrane of the egg that surrounds the embryo and yolk sac
25
New cards
contour feather
feather that creates an aerodynamic surface for efficient flight
26
New cards
Craniata
clade composed of chordates that possess a cranium; includes Vertebrata together with hagfishes
27
New cards
cranium
bony, cartilaginous, or fibrous structure surrounding the brain, jaw, and facial bones
28
New cards
Crocodilia
crocodiles and alligators
29
New cards
cutaneous respiration
gas exchange through the skin
30
New cards
dentary
single bone that comprises the lower jaw of mammals
31
New cards
diapsid
animal having two temporal fenestrae in the cranium
32
New cards
diphyodont
refers to the possession of two sets of teeth in a lifetime
33
New cards
dorsal hollow nerve cord
hollow, tubular structures derived from ectoderm, which is located dorsal to the notochord in chordates
34
New cards
down feather
feather specialized for insulation
35
New cards
eccrine gland
sweat gland
36
New cards
Enantiornithes
dominant bird group during the Cretaceous period
37
New cards
eutherian mammal
mammal that possesses a complex placenta, which connects a fetus to the mother; sometimes called placental mammals
38
New cards
flight feather
feather specialized for flight
39
New cards
frog
tail-less amphibian that belongs to the clade Anura
40
New cards
furcula
wishbone formed by the fusing of clavicles
41
New cards
gnathostome
jawed fish
42
New cards
Gorilla
genus of gorillas
43
New cards
hagfish
eel-like jawless fish that live on the ocean floor and are scavengers
44
New cards
heterodont tooth
different types of teeth that are modified for different purposes
45
New cards
hominin
species that are more closely related to humans than chimpanzees
46
New cards
hominoid
pertaining to great apes and humans
47
New cards
Homo
genus of humans
48
New cards
Homo sapiens sapiens
anatomically modern humans
49
New cards
Hylobatidae
family of gibbons
50
New cards
Hylonomus
one of the earliest reptiles
51
New cards
lamprey
jawless fish characterized by a toothed, funnel-like, sucking mouth
52
New cards
lancelet
member of Cephalochordata; names for its blade-like shape
53
New cards
lateral line
sense organ that runs the length of a fish’s body; used to detect vibrations in water
54
New cards
lepidosaur
modern lizards, snakes, and tuataras
55
New cards
mammal
one of the groups of endothermic vertebrates that possesses hair and mammary glands
56
New cards
mammary gland
in female mammals, a gland that produces milk for newborns
57
New cards
marsupial
one of the groups of mammals that includes the kangaroo, koala, bandicoot, Tasmanian devil, and several other species; young develop within a pouch
58
New cards
monotreme
egg-laying mammal
59
New cards
Myxini
hagfishes
60
New cards
Neognathae
birds other than the Paleognathae
61
New cards
Neornithes
modern birds
62
New cards
notochord
flexible, rod-shaped support structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and in the adult stage of some chordates
63
New cards
Ornithorhynchidae
clade that includes the duck-billed platypus
64
New cards
Osteichthyes
bony fish
65
New cards
ostracoderm
one of the earliest jawless fish covered in bone
66
New cards
Paleognathae
ratites; flightless birds, including ostriches and emus
67
New cards
Pan
genus of chimpanzees and bonobos
68
New cards
Petromyzontidae
clade of lampreys
69
New cards
pharyngeal slit
opening in the pharynx
70
New cards
Platyrrhini
clade of New World monkeys
71
New cards
Plesiadapis
oldest known primate-like mammal
72
New cards
pneumatic bone
air-filled bone
73
New cards
Pongo
genus of orangutans
74
New cards
post-anal tail
muscular, posterior elongation of the body extending beyond the anus in chordates
75
New cards
primary feather
feather located at the tip of the wing that provides thrust
76
New cards
Primates
order of lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans
77
New cards
prognathic jaw
long jaw
78
New cards
prosimian
division of primates that includes bush babies and pottos of Africa, lemurs of Madagascar, and lorises of Southeast Asia
79
New cards
salamander
tailed amphibian that belongs to the clade Urodela
80
New cards
Sarcopterygii
lobe-finned fish
81
New cards
sauropsid
reptile or bird
82
New cards
sebaceous gland
in mammals, a skin gland that produces a lipid mixture called sebum
83
New cards
secondary feather
feather located at the base of the wing that provides lift
84
New cards
Sphenodontia
clade of tuataras
85
New cards
Squamata
clade of lizards and snakes
86
New cards
stereoscopic vision
two overlapping fields of vision from the eyes that produces depth perception
87
New cards
swim bladder
in fishes, a gas filled organ that helps to control the buoyancy of the fish
88
New cards
synapsid
mammal having one temporal fenestra
89
New cards
Tachyglossidae
clade that includes the echidna or spiny anteater
90
New cards
tadpole
larval stage of a frog
91
New cards
temporal fenestra
non-orbital opening in the skull that may allow muscles to expand and lengthen
92
New cards
Testudines
order of turtles
93
New cards
tetrapod
phylogenetic reference to an organism with a four-footed evolutionary history; includes amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
94
New cards
theropod
dinosaur group ancestral to birds
95
New cards
tunicate
sessile chordate that is a member of Urochordata
96
New cards
Urochordata
clade composed of tunicates
97
New cards
Urodela
salamanders
98
New cards
vertebral column
series of separate bones joined together as a backbone
99
New cards
Vertebrata
members of the phylum Chordata that possess a backbone