Purdue HSCI 131 Medical Terminology Chapter 5

Integument

skin, the largest organ in the body

integumentary system

system containing skin and accessory organs, hair and nails

Androgen

an agent or hormone that stimulates development of male characteristics

Ductule

very small duct

Homeostasis

State of equilibrium of the internal environment of the body despite changes in the external environment

Synthesize

Forming a complex substance by the union of simpler compounds

epidermis

Outer layer of the skin

strata

sublayers of the epidermis

stratum corneum

outer layer of epidermis, composed of dead cells full of keratin

Keratin

hard protein material found in the stratum corneum that makes the epidermis layer waterproof

basal layer

deepest layer of epidermis, contains melanocytes that produce melanin

Albino

a person who cannot produce melanin

dermis

second layer of the skin

corium

another name for the dermis

sebaceous glands

oil glands in the dermis

sudoriferous glands

sweat glands in the dermis

subcutaneous layer

third layer of skin

adipose tissue

fat tissue

exocrine glands

ducts that secrete substances through the skin rather than the bloodstream

sebum

oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands, destroys harmful organisms on skin

papilla

bottom of the hair follicle that contains capillaries

lunula

region of the nail where new growth occurs

fat

adip/o

fat

lip/o

fat

steat/o

adiposis

abnormal condition of fat

skin

cutane/o

skin

dermat/o

dermatoplasty

surgical repair of the skin

skin

derm/o

hypodermic

pertaining to under the skin

sweat

hidr/o

hidradenitis

inflammation of a sweat gland

gland

aden/o

sweat

sudo/o

sudoresis

profuse sweating

dry, scaly

ichthy/o

ichthyosis

condition where the skin becomes dry, hardened, and resembles fish scales

horny tissue, hard, cornea

kerat/o

keratosis

thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin

black

melan/o

melanoma

malignant tumor of melanocytes that commonly begins as a darkened pigmented mole

fungus

myc/o

dermatomycosis

fungal infection of the skin

nail

onych/o

nail

ungu/o

softening

malacia

onychomalacia

Abnormal softness of the fingernails or toenails

hair

pil/o

hair

trich/o

trichopathy

disease of the hair

hardening, sclera

scler/o

scleroderma

autoimmune disease causing the skin and outer layers of organs to harden

sebum, sebaceous

seb/o

seborrhea

overactivity of discharge of the sebaceous glands

scale

squam/o

foreign, strange

xen/o

xenograft

a tissue graft or organ transplant from a donor of a different species from the recipient

dry

xer/o

xeroderma

dryness of the skin

lesions

areas of tissue that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection

primary lesions

initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue

secondary skin lesions

changes that take place in the primary lesions as a result of infection , scratching, trauma, or various stages of disease

neoplasms

abnormal growths of new tissue that are classified as benign or malignant

metastatis

spread of cancer cells to locations distant from their original site

Immunotherapy

disease treatment that helps stimulate your immune system

basal cell carcinoma

most common type of skin cancer. located in the basal layer. Rarely malignant

squamous cell carcinoma

carcinoma that arises from the skin that undergoes hardening (keratinizing) of epidermal cells. Can be malignant

malignant melanoma

malignant growth of melanocytes, highly metastatic.

abscess

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

acne

inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. usually associated with seborrhea

alopecia

partial or complete loss of hair

bowen's disease

very early form of skin cancer, characterized by red, scaly patch under the skin

cellulitis

acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by a light, glossy appearance of the skin, localized heat, pain, swelling.

chloasma

pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown spots

comedo

small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by a clogged hair follicle. Can be a whitehead or a blackhead

decubitis ulcer

inflammation or ulcer from laying in one position for too long. Bedsore, pressure ulcer

ecchymosis

skin discoloration from hemorrhagic area and/or bruising

eczema

chronic inflammation skin condition that is categorized as erythema, papules

erythema

redness of the skin

eschar

dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin

impetigo

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

lentigo

small brown macules, especially on the face and arms

pallor

unnatural paleness or absence of color

pediculosis

infestation with lice

petechiae

minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

pruritis

itching

purpura

any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin, or mucous, producing ecchymosis or petechiae

scabies

contagious skin disease by the itch mite

tinea

ringworm

tinea barbae

fungal infection of the beard

tinea corporis

fungal infection of the body

tinea pedis

fungal infection of the feet

tinea versicolor

fungal infection of the skin

tinea cruris

jock itch

urticaria

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale red elevated patches called wheals or hives.

verruca

Epidermal growth caused by a virus. Also known as warts

vitiligo

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

allergy skin test

any skin test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied or injected into the skin to determine a patients sensitivity to it

intradermal test

An allergy test that identifies allergens by injecting subcutaneously and observing a reaction