WJEC AS LEVEL BIOLOGY UNIT 1.2 Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells.

What is Eukaryotic cell?

A type of cell that contains a true nucleus along with membrane bound organelles

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A cell that contains no true nucleus or any membrane bound organelles

What is a virus?

A non-living microorganisms that consists of genetic material surrounded by a protein husk

What is the function of the nucleus?

• Coordinate cell activity

• Contains DNA coiled around chromatin into chromosomes

What is chromatin?

A DNA-protein moles found in eukaryotic cells

Describe the structure and function of the flagella in prokaryotic cells.

• Long whip-like protrusion made of flagellum

• Rotates to propel the organism

• Sensory organ

How is genetic information stored in prokaryotes

• Plasmids - small rings of DNA that carry non-essential genes, exchanged between bacterial cells via conjugation.

• Loop of DNA - Circular DNA stored in the nucleoid region of the cell

Describe the function and structure of pili in prokaryotic cells.

• Hair like microfibres made if pilin that extend through the cell wall.

• Enable the attachment of bacteria to each other and to other surfaces.

What is the function of the capsule in prokaryotic cells?

• protective, slimy layer

• Helps the cell to retain moisture and adhere to other surfaces.

Which organelles are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

• cell membrane

• Cytoplasm, with a from of cytoskeleton (cytoskeleton is more significant in eukaryotes.)

• Ribosomes

Contrast between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Contrast eukaryotic PLANT cells and ANIMAL cells

How do viruses differ from prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Define Tissue

A group of cells working together to carry out a specific function

Define organ

A group of tissue working together to carry out specific function

Define a organ system

A group of organs working together to carry out a specific function