Mining+Fossils

What’s a fossil

Preserved remains of plants and animals whose bodies are buried in sedimentary, such as sand.
Fossils also include any preserved trace of life that is typically more than 10,000 years old.
Only found in sedimentary rock

Trace fossil

Trace fossils are geological records of the activities and behaviours. E.g footprints, rock evidence of nests, burrows, footprints, and scat.

Cast fossil

When thing leaves a imprint mold, then minerals fill it

Mold fossil

when an animal dies and its body decays-leave an imprint in the sediment.

True form fossil

True form fossils is when the animal and plant soft tissues or hard parts did not decay over the years, because they are trapped in sap or deep frozen.
Actual thing is preserved.

minerals

are naturally occurring, inorganic substances with specific chemical composition
Minerals can consist of compounds or pure elements e.g gold.

ore

is a rock from which valuable minerals can be extracted for profit
a rock with a mineral

Minerals can be removed from rocks through smelting (heat) or chemical processing.

Benifits of mining

makes money for australia
creates jobs
don’t need materials from other countrys

Disadvantages of mining

dangerous for miners(breathing in dust particles bad for lungs, collapsing mine etc)
environmental issues, deforestation-wipe out the land for a mine, chemicals spill-pollution
Limited resources one minerals are mined, can’t be replaced

Surface mining

The ground is blasted so that ores near Earth’s surface can be removed and carried to refineries to extract the minerals.
Surface mining can be destructive to the surrounding landscape, leaving huge open pits behind.

Underground mining

Ores are removed from deep within the earth. Miners blast tunnels into the rock to reach the ore deposits. 
This process can lead to accidents that trap miners underground.