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Types of Volcanoes
Shield
Composite
Shield Volcano Characteristics
Broad and gentle sloping
Basaltic lava that has low viscosity
Generally effusive and frequent
Constructive plate boundaries
Mauna Kea in Hawaii

Composite Volcano Characteristics
Steep sided and cone shaped
Andesitic lava that has high viscosity
Violent and frequent
Destructive plate boundaries
Mount Etna in Italy

Locations of Volcanoes
Ocean ridges (constructive boundary)
Rift valleys (constructive boundary)
Subduction zone (destructive boundary)
Hotspots
Hotspots
Very hot areas within the mantle that are often located far from tectonic plate boundaries and produce magma plumes
Magma Plumes
Narrow columns of super hot rock that rises from deep within the mantle and melts the crust above.
Benioff Zone
Sloping plane of earthquakes that marks the path of a sinking, subducting tectonic plate