Theme 3 : Population

What percentage of people live between the latitudes of 23°N and 66°N ?

80%

Population of the earth ?

8.2 billion

Population of Europe ?

700 million

What is population density ?

The number of inhabitants per square km.

Name three physical factors affecting population density

Relief, Resources, Climate

What is the population density of the Netherlands ?

500pp/km²

What is the population density of Iceland ?

4pp/km²

What is the population density of Belgium ?

400pp/km²

What is the population density of Bulgaria ?

60pp/km²

What is the population density of Romania ?

80pp/km²

Name three human factors affecting population density

Political, Social, Economic

What is the population density of Hungary ?

100pp/km²

What is the population density of Italy ?

200pp/km²

What is a conurbation ?

A string of citiesG

Conurbation - give two synonyms

Metropolis, megapolis

What is the GDP per capita of the Netherlands ?

€62,000

What is the population density of the Randstad ?

1,500 pp/km²

What is the randstad + describe it

Polycentric metropolitan area : satellite towns around rural area (green heart)

Name the 4 main cities of the Randstad

Amsterdam (culture), Rotterdam (port/trade), The Hague (governance), Utrecht (transport)

What physical factors influenced the formation of the Randstad ? (3)

At sea level, Extensive river system, Temperate Maritime Climate

What economic factors influenced the formation of the Randstad ? (6)

Port of Rotterdam, Amsterdam’s financial and tech’s sector, The Hague political and legal influence, Utrecht’s knowledge, Innovation and sustainability, High quality transport linksH

How many direct jobs does the port of Rotterdam offer ?

193,000

What is the average salary in Amsterdam’s financial and tech sector ?

€100,000

How many km of rail are there in the Randstad ?

6000kmWha

What policy did France introduce in 2021 ?

Change the duration of paternity leave from 14 to 28 days (with 7 days mandatory)

What was France’s fertility rate in 2021 ?

1,84 births / woman

What percentage of fathers with short term contracts didn’t take their paternity leave before the policy ?

50%

Was France’s 2021 pro natalist policy a success ? (give the numbers)

1,84 —> 1,9 (not really)

At which state of the demographic transition model is France at ?

End of stage 4 (low stationary, beginning ing to decline)

What is the dependency ratio ?

Dependant people/people of working age

Name 5 reasons for a falling fertility rate ?

Inflation and cost of children, Role of women, Cost of housing, Short term contracts, Climate changeA

According to the Guardian, how much does a child cost ?

£200,000/child

Give three consequences of an aging population (1 economic, 1 social and 1 political)

Retirement age up due to labour shortages, pressure on healthcare system, conservative attitudes

From 2015 to 2016 how many people entered the EU ?

1.3 million people

What is migration ?

The long term movement of people from one region to another

Name at least two models of migration that you are able to explain

Ravenstein’s laws of migration (distance, sea), LEE model (push and pull), ZIPF’s inverse distance law (the more people there, the more people going), STOUFFERS theory of intervening opportunities

Name 3 push factors

unemployment, war/civil unrest, isolation

Name 3 pull factors

potential for employment, safety, better service provision, friends and family

Name the three directives for legal migration

Blue card, family reunification, long term residents

Blue card -BELGIUM - period + salary

1-3yrs ; €61,000

What is the CEAS ?

Common European Asylum System

In what year was the CEAS introduced ?

1999

Give three key points from the CEAS

Solidarity mechanism, faster screening process, returning rejected applicants quicker

What is frontex ?

European border and coast guard agency

Ukraine is the 2nd largest coal reserve in Europe, how many tons of coal does it have ?

34 billion tons of coal

When did Ukraine get its independence from Russia ?

1991W

What is the name of the famine that occurred red in Ukraine in 1932-33 ?

Holodomor

How much (in billion dollars) did Ukraine export to Russia in 2020 ?

$3bn

When did Russia invade Ukraine ?

February 2022

How many Ukrainians have entered the EU since 2022?

4 million

What is EU’s temporary protection scheme ?

Allowing Ukrainians to work

In 2023 what percentage of Ukrainians refugees were already working ?

40%

How much did EU gave in support to Ukrainians ?

€17bn

What is the meaning of Mezzogiorno ?

Noon

For the past 10 years how many people have left the Mezzogiorno ?

½ million

What percentage of the mezzogiorno is hilly or mountainous ?

45%

What is the percentage of unemployment in the Mezzogiorno ?

17%

What is the GDP per capita in the Mezzogiorno ?

17,000

How much was lost due to corruption in the building of a new road in the Mezzogiorno ?

€500million

Compare Mezzogiorno’s average age to EUs average age

48><44

What are latifundias ?

Large estates owned by wealthy landlords

What is the climate in the North of italy ?

Humid subtropical climate

What is the climate in the south of italy ?

Mediterranean climateW

Percentage of unemployment in North Italy

6%

GDP per capita in North italy

40,000