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Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds within words that are in close proximity to one another
Cadence
The natural flow or rhythm of human speech
Catalog
A list of people, things, or attributes
Conceit
An elaborate an extended metaphor
Connotation
The emotional response evoked by a word
Denotation
The literal meaning of a word
Consonance
The repetition of consonant sounds within and at the ends of words in close proximity to each other
Diction
A writer's or speaker's choice of words
Enjambment
When a line of poetry has no end punctuation but runs over to the next line or even next stanza
Euphemism
Replaces an offensive term with a less offensive one
Hyperbole
A figure of speech in which the truth is exaggerated for emphasis or for humorous effect
Metaphor
Compares two seemingly unlike things stated as a fact
Extended Metaphor
Compares two unlike things at some length in various ways
Metonymy
A figure of speech that substitutes name of a related object, person, or idea for subject at hand
Mood
The feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader
Oxymoron
Combination of contradictory terms
Paradox
A statement that seems to contradict itself but may nevertheless suggest an important or deeper truth
Parallelism
Repetition in grammatical structure, expresses two or more ideas of equal worth using the same grammatical form
Personification
A figurative language in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
Simile
Figurative language that directly expresses a comparison between two seemingly unlike things using some such word or phrase as like, as, than, similar to, resembles, or seems
Style
The distinctive way in which a work of literature is written.
Synesthesia
The presentation of one sense experience in terms usually associated with another sensation
Syntax
The grammatical structure of a sentence
Rhetorical Question
Is asked for an effect, used to raise emotion in the reader or listener and encourage them to think
Author's Purpose
A writer usually writes for one or more of these purposes: to inform, to entertain, to express himself or herself, or to persuade the readers to believe or do something
Ballad
A lyric or narrative poem that was originally meant to be sung. Often contain dialogue and repetition and suggest more than they actually state. Traditional ones are written in four line stanzas with regular rhythm and rhyme
Carpe Diem Poetry
Latin for "seize the day"; poetry that encourages us to live each day to the fullest
Epic Poetry
Long narrative poems set in a remote time and place, and dealing with heroic characters and deeds important in the legends and history of a nation or race
Lyric
Short, personal poem expressing the poet's emotions and thoughts rather than telling a story
Metaphysical Poetry
Rebels against the conventional love poetry of the Elizabethans, with its predictable conceits, or comparisons.
Narrative Poem
Poem that tells a story and has all the essential elements of a short story: character, plot, setting, conflict, and theme
Sonnet
Poems written in 14 lines; two most important types are English and Italian
English Sonnet
A sonnet arranged into 3 quatrains, rhyming abab, cdcd, efef, followed by a rhyming couplet gg. The couplet is often an epigram, summing up the problem or concern developed in the quatrains
Italian Sonnet
A sonnet rearranged into two parts--an octave, consisting of the first 8 lines and rhyming abba, abba; and a sestet, the remaining 6 lines, which rhyme cde, cde. There is a turn between the octave and the sestet
Villanelle
A lyric poem made up of 5 stanzas of 3 lines plus a final stanza of four lines. Includes a refrain.
Blank Verse
A poem written in this consists of unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter
Caesura
A pause or break in a line of verse. Divided a foot between two words
Couplet
Two successive lines of poetry, usually in the same meter, that rhyme or the last two lines of an English sonnet is a couplet
Free Verse
Poetry that does not follow any conventional use of meter
Heroic Couplet
A pair of rhyming iambic pentameter lines
Iambic Pentameter
A poetic line of 5 iambic feet: 10 syllables - unstressed followed by stressed
Pun
Occurs when one word has two different meanings, usually creating humor
Quatrain
A stanza of four lines, rhymed or unrhymed
Rhyme
Internal: rhyming words within a single line, Masculine: rhyme sounds involve only one syllable, Feminine: involves two or more syllables
Slant/Imperfect Rhyme
Words that almost rhyme, usually with different vowel sounds and similar consonant sounds
Terza Rima
An interlocking rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc
Repetition
A rhetorical device reiterating a word or phrase, or rewording the same idea, to secure emphasis
Tone
The writer's attitude toward his or her subject
Asyndeton
Connects words or phrases in a series without using conjunctions, connectives
Polysyndeton
The repetition of connectives or conjunctions
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